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Linux Commands and Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What does the kernel use a subsystem for?

To load kernel modules

To manage hardware devices (correct)

To handle user input

To manage system logs

Which command provides a summary of RAM and swap space in the system?

vmstat

top

htop

free (correct)

What directive in GRUB Legacy defines an operating system to boot?

system

boot

title (correct)

What characterizes systemd compared to traditional runlevels?

Targets Signup and view all the answers

Which directories are located in the /etc/rc.d directory?

rc0.d, rc1.d, rc2.d, rc3.d, rc4.d, rc5.d, rc6.d Signup and view all the answers

Which command reveals both the current and previous runlevel?

runlevel Signup and view all the answers

What is virtual memory commonly referred to as?

Swap space Signup and view all the answers

The first process that the kernel launches is known as what?

init Signup and view all the answers

What command do you use with fdisk to change a partition type?

t Signup and view all the answers

Which command initializes a swap space?

swapon Signup and view all the answers

What does the first field in the /etc/fstab file indicate?

The device to mount Signup and view all the answers

How is filesystem usage displayed by default with the df command?

1-K block size Signup and view all the answers

What type of information do inodes store about a file?

Metadata Signup and view all the answers

Which command is specifically used to remove a package using rpm?

rpm -e Signup and view all the answers

What error message would ldd report for an inaccessible library?

not found Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for executing the fsck command?

Execute on unmounted filesystems Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Linux Commands and Concepts

Module Loading: The modprobe command loads modules including dependencies.
Kernel Module Management: The kernel's subsystem manages hardware devices through a driver.
System Resource Summary: free displays RAM and swap space usage.
CPU Information: lscpu shows CPU summary details.
Initial Process: The kernel launches the init process first.
Boot Process Stages (Order): 1. Firmware (BIOS/UEFI), 2. Bootloader (LILO/GRUB), 3. Kernel, 4. Init.
GRUB Legacy Directives:
- title: Defines an operating system to boot.
- timeout=: Sets automatic boot delay.
Systemd Targets: Systemd uses targets instead of runlevels.
Runlevels and Systemd: The same services are not started/stopped at different runlevels in Systemd. (False)
Runlevel Display: runlevel shows both current and previous runlevels.
/etc/rc.d Directories: Contains rc*.d directories (rc0.d...rc6.d)
HTTP Service Restart: service httpd restart or /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Device Names: /dev/hda1 indicates an IDE device.
User Home Directories: User home directories are typically found in /home.
Virtual Memory Synonym: Swap memory.
Main OS Files Directory: The bulk of the OS files are typically stored in /usr.
Partition Type Change (fdisk): Use the t command to change partition type.
New Partition Creation (fdisk): Use the n command to create a partition.
Swap Space Activation: swapon activates initialized swap space.
Mount Point Definition: A mount point is an empty directory for accessing a filesystem.
fstab First Field: The fstab first field specifies the device to mount.
Mounted Filesystems Display: mount and df display mounted filesystems.
df Block Size: df by default displays in KB blocks.
Inodes: Inodes store a file's metadata.
Directory Size Display: du displays directory size.
System Shutdown: init 0 shuts down the system.
Missing File Identification: Missing files use an inode number.
fsck Execution Conditions: fsck is run on unmounted filesystems.
RPM Package Management: RPM commands require root privileges.
RPM Package Removal: Use rpm -e to remove a package.
RPM File Content and Extraction: rpm2cpio can list or extract RPM file contents.
Library Accessibility Errors: ldd reports "not found" if a library is inaccessible.

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Description

Test your understanding of essential Linux commands and concepts with this quiz. Topics include module loading, kernel management, and system resource monitoring. Perfect for those studying Linux system administration.