Linking Premises to Conclusions
48 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a possible criticism of premise 1 regarding water conservation measures?

  • Water conservation is not necessary in all climates.
  • Easy measures can save vast amounts of water.
  • The measures are too expensive to implement.
  • It is not true that easy measures could save vast amounts of water. (correct)

    • If premise 1 is deemed acceptable, what could undermine the conclusion of the argument?

  • Environmental concerns about water usage.
  • Ineffectiveness of easy water conservation measures.
  • A lack of financial resources for conservation.
  • The United States has abundant water resources. (correct)

    • Which of the following is a suggested way to strengthen an argument that has weaknesses?

  • Adding premises that demonstrate a shortage of water. (correct)
  • Ignoring counterarguments to simplify the argument.
  • Doubling down on the original premises without revision.
  • Excluding relevant evidence to maintain clarity.

    • Which of the following best describes the criteria for strong arguments mentioned in the content?

    <p>Acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disadvantage might easy conservation measures introduce according to the argument?

    <p>Reduction of jobs related to dam projects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done to improve the acceptability of premise 1?

    <p>Introduce a compelling sub-argument supporting it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In evaluating arguments, what does sufficiency refer to?

    <p>The completeness of the premises to support the conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential objection regarding easy conservation measures in terms of employment?

    <p>They could lead to job losses in construction industries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does internal relevance refer to in an argument?

    <p>The connection between the argument and its premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is assessing the sufficiency of an argument characterized?

    <p>It is a more holistic process compared to assessing relevant premises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criteria should be met to construct a strong argument?

    <p>Acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'that doesn't follow' typically indicate?

    <p>The conclusion is logically inconsistent with the premise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a politician fails to answer a question during a parliamentary session, it may result in which type of fallacy?

    <p>Red herring fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might help justify a claim made that is difficult to defend?

    <p>Engaging in discussions with peers for alternative evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to distinguish between internal and contextual relevance?

    <p>It helps identify strengths and weaknesses in different aspects of reasoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main goals when assessing the strength of an argument?

    <p>To evaluate each premise based on acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for a strong argument in terms of its premises?

    <p>The premises must be relevant and sufficient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Lady Justice symbolize by holding a set of scales?

    <p>She weighs the evidence for and against a conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a deductively valid argument, what must the premises provide?

    <p>Relevant and sufficient evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an inductively invalid argument?

    <p>The link between premises and conclusion is too weak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the evidence for a judgment outweighs the evidence against it?

    <p>The argument is presumed to be strong.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sufficient evidence provide in a strong argument?

    <p>Conviction that the conclusion is valid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shifts the burden of proof to those who reject a conclusion in an argument?

    <p>The strength of the evidence supporting the conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is evidence deemed sufficient in different arguments?

    <p>It varies from argument to argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes an argument valid?

    <p>The premises must be relevant and sufficient to justify the conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms best describes premises that make the conclusion less likely?

    <p>Negatively relevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria for evaluating good arguments?

    <p>Coherence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are premises considered to provide sufficient evidence?

    <p>When they provide enough evidence to justify acceptance of the conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when premises are positively relevant?

    <p>They provide evidence that makes the conclusion more likely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the support of all members from Africa be described in relation to the argument?

    <p>It may not ensure that a majority supports the proposal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of examining validity in arguments?

    <p>The link between premises and conclusions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between relevance and the persuasiveness of an argument?

    <p>Relevant premises can make conclusions more likely, but not necessarily convincing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding children's stories mentioned?

    <p>They may create a negative image of stepmothers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is statement 7 supported according to the argument structure?

    <p>By using known aspects of popular children's stories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author imply about the statement regarding children's impressionable age?

    <p>It is vague but generally acknowledged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is considered when assessing acceptability in the argument structure?

    <p>The reasonableness of the claims made.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the reasoning presented, what does the phrase 'may be' in statement 7 imply?

    <p>The claim is uncertain and requires further evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between statements 2, 6, and 7 in the argument structure?

    <p>They provide sufficient evidence for the main conclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a major problem when evaluating the relevance of statement 7?

    <p>It diverges from the overall argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evidence do statements 3, 4, and 5 provide in support of statement 2?

    <p>Reports on common aspects of children's stories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of statement 7 in the argument presented?

    <p>To suggest there may be reasons to consider censoring some children's stories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statements provide support for the claim made in statement 2 regarding evil stepmothers in children's stories?

    <p>3, 4, and 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What qualifies the main conclusion of the argument?

    <p>It maintains there is at least one reason to consider censorship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do statements 2 and 6 relate to statement 7 in the argument?

    <p>They provide evidence supporting statement 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of the phrase 'may be' in statement 7 regarding children's stories?

    <p>It suggests a theoretical possibility without certainty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the argument assert about the portrayal of stepmothers in children's stories?

    <p>It is a recurring negative image in several stories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for the argument to meet the relevance condition for strong arguments?

    <p>The premises must provide internally relevant evidence to support the conclusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of examples provided in statements 3, 4, and 5 in the argument?

    <p>To offer evidence for the existence of a negative stereotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Linking Premises to Conclusions

    • Strong arguments have premises that are acceptable, relevant, and sufficient to support their conclusions.

    • An argument is valid when its premises are relevant to its conclusion and sufficient to justify accepting it.

    • Premises are considered relevant if they offer any evidence (positive or negative) that makes the conclusion more or less likely.

    • Premises are sufficient when they provide enough evidence to make the conclusion more than just a plausible hypothesis; it should either make the conclusion certain, likely, or at the very least, plausible.

    Relevance

    • Good arguments have premises that are relevant to their conclusions.
    • Premises are positively relevant if they increase the likelihood of the conclusion and negatively relevant if they decrease the likelihood of the conclusion.
    • Premises that are irrelevant do not contribute to the conclusion's validity or acceptability and should not be included in a strong argument.

    Hidden Premises

    • Sometimes an argument's relevance is obscured by hidden premises.
    • You must identify these hidden premises to fully understand the relevance of the argument.

    Fallacies of Relevance: Red Herring

    • A Red Herring fallacy occurs when an arguer shifts the audience's attention away from the relevant topic of an argument.
    • It introduces an irrelevant topic to distract from the main argument.

    Fallacies of Relevance: Straw Man

    • A Straw Man fallacy occurs when an arguer distorts or misrepresents the opposing view in an inappropriate way to make it easier to attack.
    • A straw man argument attacks a distorted or weakened version of an opposing argument rather than the actual, full argument.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Linking Premises to Conclusions PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the importance of strong arguments in reasoning, focusing on the roles of premises in ensuring conclusions are valid. It discusses the concepts of relevance and sufficiency and how they affect the strength of an argument. Test your understanding of these critical elements in constructing logical arguments.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser