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Questions and Answers
In linguistic typology, achieving ______ representation in language sampling involves ensuring that the sample accurately reflects the distribution of different language features or types within the population of languages being studied.
In linguistic typology, achieving ______ representation in language sampling involves ensuring that the sample accurately reflects the distribution of different language features or types within the population of languages being studied.
proportional
One major conceptual difference between Linguistic Typology (LT) and Generative Grammar (GG) lies in their approach to linguistic diversity; LT embraces and seeks to classify it, while GG aims to uncover universal underlying structures, often viewing variation as ______.
One major conceptual difference between Linguistic Typology (LT) and Generative Grammar (GG) lies in their approach to linguistic diversity; LT embraces and seeks to classify it, while GG aims to uncover universal underlying structures, often viewing variation as ______.
parametric
When language sampling, the independence of cases is crucial to avoid skewing results; genealogical relatedness can be an issue where languages from the same family share features due to common descent rather than ______ development.
When language sampling, the independence of cases is crucial to avoid skewing results; genealogical relatedness can be an issue where languages from the same family share features due to common descent rather than ______ development.
independent
Optimality Theory (OT) differs from traditional Generative Grammar (GG) by incorporating violable constraints and a ranking system, allowing for a more nuanced account of cross-linguistic variation where multiple factors compete to determine the ______ form.
Optimality Theory (OT) differs from traditional Generative Grammar (GG) by incorporating violable constraints and a ranking system, allowing for a more nuanced account of cross-linguistic variation where multiple factors compete to determine the ______ form.
A key methodological distinction between Linguistic Typology and Generative Grammar is that typology relies on analyzing a wide range of languages to identify patterns and correlations, while Generative Grammar often focuses on in-depth analysis of individual languages to uncover underlying ______.
A key methodological distinction between Linguistic Typology and Generative Grammar is that typology relies on analyzing a wide range of languages to identify patterns and correlations, while Generative Grammar often focuses on in-depth analysis of individual languages to uncover underlying ______.
Linguistic ______
Linguistic ______
Oxford University Press furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing ______.
Oxford University Press furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing ______.
Accessing materials on third party websites linked within the text is done at the reader's own ______.
Accessing materials on third party websites linked within the text is done at the reader's own ______.
The book mentions grammaticalization, which is written by Heiko Narrog and Bernd ______.
The book mentions grammaticalization, which is written by Heiko Narrog and Bernd ______.
Peter Siemund authored a book on speech acts and sentence types specifically in ______.
Peter Siemund authored a book on speech acts and sentence types specifically in ______.
Flashcards
Linguistic Typology
Linguistic Typology
The study of systematic cross-linguistic variation, aiming to find correlations between structural properties and to formulate generalizations about the universal properties of language.
Grammaticalization
Grammaticalization
A branch of linguistics that studies how words or phrases change their meaning or grammatical function over time.
Speech Acts
Speech Acts
Deals with utterances as actions performed by a speaker to convey meaning, intention, or achieve an effect, and how sentence types (declarative, interrogative, etc.) are employed.
Declarative Sentence
Declarative Sentence
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Interrogative Sentence
Interrogative Sentence
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Linguistic Typology (LT)
Linguistic Typology (LT)
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Generative Grammar (GG)
Generative Grammar (GG)
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Optimality Theory (OT)
Optimality Theory (OT)
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Language Sample
Language Sample
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Proportional Representation
Proportional Representation
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Study Notes
- Linguistic Typology is a book written by Jae Jung Song.
- The book is published by Oxford University Press.
- Jae Jung Song's first introductory book, Linguistic Typology: Morphology and Syntax, was published 16 years prior to this book in 2001.
- Evans and Levinson suggest that 500 years ago, before European colonization, there were probably twice as many languages as there are now.
- Pagel claims that over half a million languages have ever been spoken if humans began talking 200,000 years ago and languages evolved at a rate of one per 500 years.
Principle of Uniformitarianism
- Linguistic typological analysis relies on the Principle of Uniformitarianism.
- Without it, recovering all unrecorded, extinct languages from oblivion would make typological analysis impossible or incomplete.
- The Principle of Uniformitarianism allows linguistic typologists to examine languages spoken today and extinct but documented languages making statements or generalizations about the nature of human language.
- Any typological study must include languages of the future, not possible directly.
- Linguistic typologists can extend universal properties or preferences discovered from current data to languages of the future because of this principle.
- Under the Principle of Uniformitarianism the nature of human language is assumed not to change qualitatively over time.
Practical Reasons for Adhering to the Principle of Uniformitarianism
- Without this principle, languages must be seen to evolve constantly as time passes.
- If languages were evolving through time, and were conceived of as being at different stages of linguistic evolution, grammatical analysis would be complicated.
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Description
This lesson covers Linguistic Typology, as discussed by Jae Jung Song and published by Oxford University Press. It explores language diversity, referencing estimates of past languages before European colonization and claims about the total number of languages spoken throughout human history. The Principle of Uniformitarianism's role in typological analysis is also highlighted.
