Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes the consonant inventory of EA compared to CA?
What characterizes the consonant inventory of EA compared to CA?
- EA has fewer consonants and more vowels. (correct)
- EA has no emphatic consonants.
- EA has more consonants and fewer vowels.
- EA has the same number of consonants and vowels as CA.
Which manner of articulation does EA primarily tend towards?
Which manner of articulation does EA primarily tend towards?
- Fricatives
- Trills
- Stops (correct)
- Affricates
Which consonant is classified as a voiced lateral in CA?
Which consonant is classified as a voiced lateral in CA?
- l (correct)
- f
- r
- t
What type of phonemes will be primarily dealt with in the discussion of CA phonemes?
What type of phonemes will be primarily dealt with in the discussion of CA phonemes?
How many phonemes does CA contain?
How many phonemes does CA contain?
What is the primary direction of backing for consonants in EA compared to CA?
What is the primary direction of backing for consonants in EA compared to CA?
Which short vowel is associated with both CA and EA?
Which short vowel is associated with both CA and EA?
In terms of phonological contrasts, what does EA lack compared to CA?
In terms of phonological contrasts, what does EA lack compared to CA?
What is the primary classification used for the EA reflections of CA phonemes?
What is the primary classification used for the EA reflections of CA phonemes?
In the consonant inventory table, which CA phoneme corresponds with the EA phoneme represented as 'sa?al'?
In the consonant inventory table, which CA phoneme corresponds with the EA phoneme represented as 'sa?al'?
Which EA word translates to 'permanent' based on the provided CA and EA reflections?
Which EA word translates to 'permanent' based on the provided CA and EA reflections?
What does the transliteration 'gamaa' represent in the EA reflections of CA phonemes?
What does the transliteration 'gamaa' represent in the EA reflections of CA phonemes?
Which CA phoneme is represented by the EA transliteration 'waaxid'?
Which CA phoneme is represented by the EA transliteration 'waaxid'?
Which of the following vowel pairs in the low central vowel section have the same EA phoneme?
Which of the following vowel pairs in the low central vowel section have the same EA phoneme?
What distinguishes consonants in the provided tables of CA and EA phonemes?
What distinguishes consonants in the provided tables of CA and EA phonemes?
Which consonant representation is associated with 'kaskas' in the EA reflections?
Which consonant representation is associated with 'kaskas' in the EA reflections?
What is a distinguishing feature of CA regarding final long vowels?
What is a distinguishing feature of CA regarding final long vowels?
Which diphthong is correctly transliterated as 'Jawwaal'?
Which diphthong is correctly transliterated as 'Jawwaal'?
What happens to unstressed /i/ or /u/ in EA before a final consonant?
What happens to unstressed /i/ or /u/ in EA before a final consonant?
Which of the following best describes the assimilation of the definite article in EA?
Which of the following best describes the assimilation of the definite article in EA?
Which statement is true regarding epenthetic vowels in CA?
Which statement is true regarding epenthetic vowels in CA?
Which category is simpler in EA compared to CA?
Which category is simpler in EA compared to CA?
What is the behavior of final short vowels characteristic to EA?
What is the behavior of final short vowels characteristic to EA?
In what context does CA drop a final vowel?
In what context does CA drop a final vowel?
Flashcards
Consonant EA reflections
Consonant EA reflections
How consonants in a source language (CA) are represented in a target language (EA).
'darab' (EA)
'darab' (EA)
The EA reflection of the CA consonant 'd' in the word 'darab', transliterated as 'he hit'.
Predictable EA reflection
Predictable EA reflection
An EA reflection of a CA phoneme that is determined by its environment or context within a sentence.
Root radicals (F, C, L)
Root radicals (F, C, L)
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Proximal EA reflections
Proximal EA reflections
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'bi?r' (EA)
'bi?r' (EA)
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Low central vowels
Low central vowels
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'hajariyy' (EA)
'hajariyy' (EA)
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Bilabial Consonant
Bilabial Consonant
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Stop Consonant
Stop Consonant
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Voiceless Consonant
Voiceless Consonant
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Front Vowel
Front Vowel
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Short Vowel
Short Vowel
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Point of Articulation
Point of Articulation
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Manner of Articulation
Manner of Articulation
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Vowel
Vowel
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CA vs. EA diphthong differences
CA vs. EA diphthong differences
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Vowel shortening in EA
Vowel shortening in EA
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Vowel elision in EA
Vowel elision in EA
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Epenthetic vowels
Epenthetic vowels
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Assimilation of articles (EA)
Assimilation of articles (EA)
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Apocopation in EA
Apocopation in EA
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Simpler Grammatical Categories (EA vs. CA)
Simpler Grammatical Categories (EA vs. CA)
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Morphophonemic Changes
Morphophonemic Changes
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Study Notes
Linguistic Studies in Memory of Richard Slade Harrell
- The book is titled "Linguistic Studies in Memory of Richard Slade Harrell"
- It was edited by Don Graham Stuart
- Published by Georgetown University Press, Washington, D.C.
- Publication date: 1967
- The book is a collection of linguistic studies.
Some Contrasts Between Classical and Egyptian Arabic
- Diglossia: Two varieties of a language coexisting, each serving different social functions.
- Classical Arabic (CA): Also referred to as Literary, Standard or Written Arabic. It hasn't changed significantly in 1300 years due to grammatical and pronunciation rules established by the Koran's reciters.
- Used for religious sermons, literary works, speeches, news broadcasts, etc.
- Egyptian Arabic (EA): A colloquial variety, also called Vernacular or Spoken Arabic. It developed from classical Arabic or an earlier Arabic Koine.
- Used in everyday conversation, movies, plays, songs and for interactions between family, colleagues and others.
Phonology
- Phoneme inventory: Classical Arabic has 35 phonemes (29 consonants and 6 vowels), while Egyptian Arabic has 36 phonemes (26 consonants and 10 vowels).
- Consonants: Egyptian Arabic has fewer affricates and fricatives and more stops compared to classical Arabic. It also has a tendency towards back consonants (like dentals or alveolars).
Vowels
- Vowel inventory: Classical Arabic has 3 short and 3 long vowels, while Egyptian Arabic has 4 short and 6 long vowels.
- Vowel changes: Variations in Egyptian Arabic include shortening final long vowels before specific linguistic features, lengthening short vowels before certain suffixes, and the elision of vowels in unstressed positions.
Morphology
- Grammatical variations: Egyptian Arabic has simpler grammatical categories compared to Classical Arabic, such as less inflection in verbs (perfect, imperfect, indicative, subjunctive, energetic, imperative), less use of voices, distinctions in voicing or gender. It can also exhibit optional assimilation or apocopation of words, especially the definite article 'al'.
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