Podcast
Questions and Answers
The idea that languages evolve, compete, and even cease to exist, similar to biological species, aligns with a ______ perspective.
The idea that languages evolve, compete, and even cease to exist, similar to biological species, aligns with a ______ perspective.
Darwinian
The ______ view of languages considered language as a subjective human experience, contrasting with the objective, scientific approach.
The ______ view of languages considered language as a subjective human experience, contrasting with the objective, scientific approach.
Romanticist
The historical approach to language study, influenced by Darwinism, focused on the ______ development and genealogical relationships among languages.
The historical approach to language study, influenced by Darwinism, focused on the ______ development and genealogical relationships among languages.
historical
The claim that ‘the only true and useful classification [of languages] is genetic [i.e. genealogical]’ highlights the significance of ______ relationships in language study.
The claim that ‘the only true and useful classification [of languages] is genetic [i.e. genealogical]’ highlights the significance of ______ relationships in language study.
The ______ believed that the history of language could be described by simple, deterministic laws of sound changes.
The ______ believed that the history of language could be described by simple, deterministic laws of sound changes.
In data collection, understanding different ______ of measurement is crucial for accurate coding and analysis of linguistic data.
In data collection, understanding different ______ of measurement is crucial for accurate coding and analysis of linguistic data.
[Blank] asymmetry in typology refers to situations where certain linguistic structures or features are statistically more common than their counterparts across languages.
[Blank] asymmetry in typology refers to situations where certain linguistic structures or features are statistically more common than their counterparts across languages.
When collecting linguistic data via native speaker ______, the method can be either direct, involving explicit questioning, or indirect, using less intrusive techniques.
When collecting linguistic data via native speaker ______, the method can be either direct, involving explicit questioning, or indirect, using less intrusive techniques.
The concept of ______ suggests that simpler or more direct mappings between form and meaning are preferred in language, influencing typological patterns.
The concept of ______ suggests that simpler or more direct mappings between form and meaning are preferred in language, influencing typological patterns.
Using online ______ databases allows researchers to access and compare a wide range of linguistic features across many languages, aiding in typological studies.
Using online ______ databases allows researchers to access and compare a wide range of linguistic features across many languages, aiding in typological studies.
Flashcards
Grammatical Descriptions/Grammars
Grammatical Descriptions/Grammars
Descriptions of a language's structure, including phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics.
Texts (in data collection)
Texts (in data collection)
Collections of written or spoken language used for analysis.
Online Typological Databases
Online Typological Databases
Online resources that compile linguistic data across multiple languages, used for typological studies.
Native Speaker Elicitation
Native Speaker Elicitation
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Typological Asymmetry
Typological Asymmetry
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Evolutionary View of Languages
Evolutionary View of Languages
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Romanticist View of Language
Romanticist View of Language
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Historical Approach to Language
Historical Approach to Language
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Mechanistic Physics Paradigm
Mechanistic Physics Paradigm
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Neogrammarians (Junggrammatiker)
Neogrammarians (Junggrammatiker)
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Study Notes
Data Collection: Sources, Issues, and Problems
- Chapter focuses on data collection methods, issues, and challenges in linguistic typology.
Grammatical Descriptions or Grammars
- Grammatical descriptions and grammars are a source of data for linguistic analysis
Texts
- Texts can serve as a source of data for linguistic analysis
Online Typological Databases
- Online databases are available for linguistic data collection
Native Speaker Elicitation: Direct or Indirect
- Native speakers can be directly or indirectly asked to provide linguistic data
Levels of Measurement and Coding
- This chapter discusses levels of coding and measurement in data collection
Concluding Remarks
- This chapter provides concluding remarks about data collection in linguistic analysis
Typological Asymmetry: Economy, Iconicity, and Frequency
- Chapter covers typological asymmetry with respect to frequency, iconicity, and economy
Introduction
- This chapter introduces typological asymmetry in the context of language
Typological Asymmetry
- Typological asymmetry is further discussed
Formal Coding
- This chapter looks into formal coding relative to typological asymmetry
Grammatical Behaviour
- This chapter covers how grammatical behavior relates to typological asymmetry
Economy and Iconicity (in Competition)
- This section analyzes the competition between economy and iconicity
Typological Asymmetry = Frequency Asymmetry?: Iconicity vs Frequency
- Examines whether typological asymmetry equates to frequency asymmetry by contrasting iconicity and frequency
Concluding Remarks
- This chapter provides concluding remarks on typological asymmetry
Darwinian View of Languages
- The Darwinian view led to a historical approach focused on language evolution and relationships.
- Meillet (1924) claimed genetic classification was the only true and useful way to classify languages.
Mechanistic Physics
- Mechanistic physics, another 19th-century scientific paradigm, influenced the study of language, though less than Darwinism.
- It suggests language history can be described by deterministic laws of sound changes, an idea embraced by the Neogrammarians.
Joseph Greenberg
- Joseph Greenberg (1963b) used implicational typology to investigate word order correlations, revitalizing linguistic typology.
Concluding Remarks
- The chapter provides a description of how linguistic typology is carried out is provided with special reference to what kinds of research question are raised, and how those questions are answered.
- The chapter provides a historical overview of linguistic typology with special emphasis on how it has evolved conceptually over the centuries.
Unity and Diversity in the World's Languages
- Chapter is about the balance of unity and diversity in languages
Introduction
- The chapter introduces the concepts of Rationalism and Romanticism and their influence on linguistic study
Diversity and Unity
- Linguistic typology examines structural diversity in languages and seeks language universals and preferences.
The Principle of Uniformitarianism
- Claims of language universals are premature due to limited language documentation wherein less than 10% of languages have proper descriptions.
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Description
Explore linguistic data collection methods, including grammars, texts, and online databases. Learn about native speaker elicitation and coding levels. Understand typological asymmetry in linguistic analysis.
