Data Collection & Sampling Vocabulary Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a categorical variable?

  • A variable that places an individual into one of several groups or categories (correct)
  • A variable measured in numerical values
  • A variable that is difficult to measure
  • A variable related to time

What defines a quantitative variable?

  • It only includes qualitative data.
  • It is always biased.
  • It collects information that is numeric. (correct)
  • It collects categorical information.

What is a census?

The result of measuring or counting every individual in a population.

What is a sample?

<p>The portion of the population you count or survey.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by population in data collection?

<p>The entire group we are interested in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bias occurs when all individuals in a population have an equal chance of being selected for a sample.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a convenience sample?

<p>A sample made up of individuals that are easiest to reach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a voluntary response sample?

<p>A sample made of volunteers and is always biased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does randomness mean in sampling?

<p>Every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a simple random sample (SRS)?

<p>A sample selected by a method that ensures every possible sample has an equal chance of being selected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stratified sample?

<p>Results when a population is separated into subgroups called strata, and simple random samples are selected from each stratum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cluster sample?

<p>Results when a population is separated into clusters, and a random sample of clusters is selected, with all individuals in the cluster included.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Data Collection & Sampling Vocabulary

  • Categorical variable: Places individuals into specific groups or categories, such as gender or letter grades.

  • Quantitative variable: Involves numeric information, which can be measured, such as age, height, or grade levels.

  • Census: A comprehensive count or measurement of every individual in a population, providing complete data.

  • Sample: A subset of a population chosen for counting or surveying, used to make inferences about the population.

  • Population: The entire group of individuals or items that are of interest in research or survey.

  • Bias: Arises when certain individuals in a population have a higher probability of being selected for a sample, leading to skewed results.

  • Convenience sample: Comprises individuals that are easiest to access or reach, often leading to unrepresentative outcomes.

  • Voluntary response sample: Consists solely of volunteers, usually resulting in biased data as these individuals may not represent the overall population.

  • Randomness: Ensures that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample, promoting fairness.

  • Simple random sample (SRS): A sampling method where every possible sample has an equal probability of selection, ensuring unbiased representation.

  • Stratified sample: Divides the population into distinct subgroups (strata) and selects random samples from each strata proportionate to their sizes, enhancing representativeness.

  • Cluster sample: Involves dividing the population into clusters and randomly selecting entire clusters for study, including all individuals within those clusters.

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