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LING 020 Week 9 Flashcards
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LING 020 Week 9 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the outline for the week?

Reminder: i-Eval by Fri, June 5. Quiz #9 Preparation: Topic 14 - 'The Life of a Language'. Final Exam Preparation: FINAL REVIEW by Prof Vrinda's for Week 10 on iLearn. My office hours Spring 2020: Wed, 1:00-2:00pm. Email me if you need any academic support in the future.

What is i-Eval?

i-Eval is an evaluation of LING 020 that takes about 3 minutes to complete.

What are the time periods for Old English, Middle English, and Modern English?

Old English: 450 - 1100, Middle English: 1100 - 1500, Modern English: 1500 - present.

What is the difference between Modern English and Contemporary English?

<p>Modern English features articulatory simplification, dialect differences, language contact from loan words, and phonetic changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What language families does English belong to?

<p>English is derived from Proto-Germanic language, Latin, and Romance languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the Norman Invasion and how did it change the English language?

<p>The Norman Invasion occurred in 1066, marking the end of Old English and introducing a large number of Latinate words into English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the loss of case endings affect the English language with respect to word order?

<p>The loss of case endings led to reliance on word order to distinguish between subjects and objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is segmental change and how does it differ from sequential change?

<p>Segmental change involves a single phonetic segment changing, while sequential change involves sequences of phonetic segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of sequential change with their definitions:

<p>Assimilation = Changes to segments so they become more similar Dissimilation = Changes so adjacent sounds become less similar Epenthesis = Insertion of a sound between segments Metathesis = Changing the relative positions of segments Deletion = Reduction or removal of a sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is epenthesis?

<p>Epenthesis is the process of inserting a sound between two similar segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should students do before the final exam?

<p>Students should go over all quizzes 1-8 as the final exam questions will be similar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Important Dates and Events

  • i-Evaluation deadline: Friday, June 5.
  • Final Exam Date: Optional on Tuesday, June 9.
  • Office hours: Wednesday, 1:00-2:00 pm Spring 2020.

Quiz Preparation

  • Topics for Quiz #9 focus on "The Life of a Language".
  • Key historical periods in the development of English:
    • Old English: 450 - 1100
    • Middle English: 1100 - 1500
    • Modern English: 1500 - present

Language Development

  • Modern English and Contemporary English differ due to:
    • Articulatory simplification
    • Dialect variations
    • Language contact leading to loan words and grammatical changes
    • Phonetically conditioned changes (sequential vs. segmental)

Language Families

  • English is derived from Proto-Germanic, Latin, and Romance languages.
  • Romance languages (French, Italian, Portuguese) derive from Latin.
  • English, German, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish are cognates from Proto-Germanic roots.

Historical Impact

  • The Norman Invasion in 1066 marks the end of Old English, introducing numerous Latinate vocabulary through French.

Syntactic Changes

  • Loss of case endings altered how subjects and objects are distinguished.
  • Languages have distinct word orders:
    • German: SOV
    • English: SVO
    • Old English transitioning between SOV and SVO

Types of Sound Change

  • Segmental Change: Involves changes in individual sound segments, often simplifying articulation.
  • Sequential Change: Involves modifications in sequences of phonetic segments through processes like:
    • Assimilation (partial and total)
    • Dissimilation
    • Epenthesis (insertion of sound)
    • Metathesis (rearranging sounds)
    • Deletion (loss of sound)

Sound Change Examples

  • Assimilation Example: Nasal stop change in "inconceivable".
  • Dissimilation Example: Latin "arbor" changes to Italian "albero".
  • Epenthesis Example: Old English "simple" became "simble".
  • Metathesis Example: "Comfortable" transforms to "comftable".

Final Exam Details

  • Review quizzes 1-8 for preparation.
  • Exam format includes questions similar to quizzes: Fill-in-the-Blank and Short Answer.
  • Phonology problem-solving expected; scratch paper required.
  • Exam duration: 3 hours with approximately 50 questions.

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Description

This quiz provides flashcards for Week 9 of LING 020, focusing on key topics such as language evaluation and preparation for upcoming assessments. You'll find essential reminders and definitions that will aid your understanding of the life of a language and prepare you for the final exam.

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