Lincosamides: Antibiotic Class

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Questions and Answers

How does clindamycin block peptide bond formation?

By interfering with DNA gyrase activity
By binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit (correct)
By disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell wall
By inhibiting the synthesis of tRNA

A patient presents with a suspected anaerobic infection above the diaphragm. Which of the following antibiotics would be LEAST appropriate to administer, considering spectrum of activity?

Clindamycin
Penicillin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Metronidazole (correct)

What is the most common mechanism of bacterial resistance to clindamycin?

Mutation in the gene encoding DNA gyrase
Increased expression of efflux pumps
Enzymatic degradation of the antibiotic
Methylation at the ribosome binding site (correct)

A patient develops severe diarrhea after a course of clindamycin. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause?

Clostridium difficile colitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathogens is LEAST likely to be effectively treated by clindamycin?

Enterococcus faecalis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Clindamycin mechanism

Lincosamide antibiotic that inhibits peptide bond formation, leading to bacteriostatic effects.

Clindamycin's spectrum of activity

Community-acquired MRSA, Staph epi, Strep pneumoniae, Anaerobic infections (Bacteroides, Clostridium perfringens). Good for anaerobic infections above the diaphragm.

Clindamycin resistance

Resistance to clindamycin arises from methylation at the ribosome binding site.

Major side effect of Clindamycin

Diarrhea, including Clostridium difficile colitis (pseudomembranous colitis, highest incidence)

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Study Notes

Lincosamides are a class of antibiotics, with clindamycin being a specific example.
They function by inhibiting peptide bond formation, which makes them bacteriostatic.
Lincosamides are effective against community-acquired MRSA, coagulase-negative staph epi, streptococcus pneumoniae, and certain anaerobic bacteria like bacteroides species and clostridium perfringes.
Lincosamides treat anaerobic infections above the diaphragm.
Resistance to lincosamides develops through methylation at the ribosome binding site.
Common side effects include diarrhea, including clostridium difficile colitis, also known as pseudomembranous colitis, with the highest incidence among antibiotics.