Light and Optical Systems

<p>al-Haytham</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ptolemy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euclid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Archimedes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>al-Haytham</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pythagoras</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ptolemy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euclid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euclid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albert A. Michelson</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light is split up into different colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ole Roemer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unit of distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibre optic cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lanterns on hilltops</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reflecting telescope</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two refracting telescopes fixed together</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Archimedes developed a plan to reflect light to burn enemy ships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pythagoras believed beams came from a person’s eyes in straight lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euclid created a new type of mathematics called geometry that described shapes and angles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ptolemy described that light beams bend when they go from air to glass, known today as refraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>al-Haytham was the first to accurately describe how vision worked and that light bounces off objects then travels to the eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sir Isaac Newton used experiments following the scientific method to draw conclusions about the colors of the rainbow. He discovered that when light passes through a prism, it is split up into different colors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ole Roemer was able to determine the speed of light by examining the moon IO as it revolved around Jupiter. He determined it to be 227,000 km/s, lower than the actual value of 300,000 km/s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albert Michelson used a three-sided mirror, light source, and an observer to calculate the speed of light. By spinning the mirror and using mathematics, he was able to determine the speed of light to be 299,798 km/s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A light-year is a unit of distance, defined by how far a beam of light travels in one year in a vacuum (space). 1 light year = 9.64 trillion miles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examples of optical devices include fiber optic cable (communication), computers in pin and chip machines (data transfer), and light bulbs (illumination).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alessandro della Spina, an Italian monk, created the world's first eyeglasses in 1300 A.D.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hans and Zacharias Janssen of the Netherlands are believed to have built the world's first microscope in about 1505.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek experimented with his own microscope and observed things like pond water, blood, and plaque from his own teeth. His observations led to the first descriptions of bacteria, algae, and red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reflecting telescopes use mirrors and are larger, while refracting telescopes use lenses and mirrors and are easier to use. An example of a reflecting telescope is the James Webb Space Telescope, while an example of a refracting telescope is a traditional binocular.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binoculars work by using a pair of identical telescopes side by side, which allows for a wider field of view and a three-dimensional image. They are more convenient to use because they are not as powerful and utilize refracting lenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Galileo used telescopes to observe Venus, faint objects around Jupiter, mountains, and craters on the moon. His observations had the significance of expanding human knowledge of celestial bodies and their characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopes allowed scientists like Antonie van Leeuwenhoek to observe and describe microorganisms, leading to the study of microbiology. Telescopes, on the other hand, enabled astronomers to observe and study celestial bodies, expanding our understanding of the universe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopes and telescopes have been instrumental in the study of microbiology and astronomy. Microscopes allow scientists to observe and understand the structure and behavior of microorganisms, leading to the discovery of bacteria, algae, and red blood cells. Telescopes, on the other hand, have enabled astronomers to observe and study celestial objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies, expanding our knowledge of the universe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ole Roemer determined the speed of light by examining the moon IO as it revolved around Jupiter. He observed the time difference in the eclipses of IO when Earth was moving towards Jupiter and when it was moving away. From this, he calculated the speed of light to be 227,000 km/s, slightly lower than the actual value of 300,000 km/s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albert A. Michelson used a three-sided mirror, light source, and an observer to calculate the speed of light. By spinning the mirror and using mathematics, he measured the time it took for light to travel a known distance. He determined the speed of light to be 299,798 km/s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hans and Zacharias Janssen of the Netherlands are believed to have built the world's first microscope in about 1505.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three optical devices and their uses are:</p> <ol> <li>Fibre optic cable - carries information through light impulses</li> <li>Light bulbs - produce light through the emission of photons</li> <li>Microscopes - use lenses to create an enlarged image of tiny objects.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers