Ligands and Receptors
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Questions and Answers

Which type of ligands can cross the plasma membrane and bind to intracellular receptors?

  • Extracellular ligands
  • Water-soluble ligands
  • Hydrophilic ligands
  • Lipid-soluble ligands (correct)
  • What do receptors act as in cell signaling?

  • Signal transducers (correct)
  • Enzymes
  • Transporters
  • Structural proteins
  • Where are plasma membrane receptors located?

  • In the plasma membrane (correct)
  • In the extracellular space
  • In the nucleus
  • In the cytoplasm
  • What are the two categories of ligands based on their solubility?

    <p>Hydrophilic and hydrophobic ligands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the different types of membrane receptors mentioned in the text?

    <p>Ion-channel linked receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, catalytic receptors, and regulated intramembrane proteolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors mediate direct and rapid synaptic signaling between electrically excitable cells?

    <p>Ion-channel linked receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligands can activate G-protein coupled receptors?

    <p>Odorants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of G-protein coupled receptors?

    <p>Change the ionic permeability and membrane potential of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of G-protein coupled receptors?

    <p>Ion channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins regulate gene expression, cell proliferation, and differentiation?

    <p>Small monomeric G proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of GTPases is involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNA and proteins?

    <p>Ran GTPases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors possess enzymatic activity or are associated with and regulate an enzyme?

    <p>Catalytic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular processes are regulated by Rho GTPases?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors are often protein kinases or associated with protein kinases?

    <p>Catalytic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP)?

    <p>Release of transcription factors through proteolytic cleavage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances specifically interact with intracellular receptors?

    <p>Steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What processes reduce or terminate the response of a target cell to a hormone by decreasing the number of receptors?

    <p>Downregulation and desensitization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does downregulation of receptors occur?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of upregulation and sensitization of receptors?

    <p>Increase the response of a cell to low concentrations of messengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of intracellular receptor?

    <p>Membrane receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

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