Ligamentous Support in Spinal Stability

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What is the primary location of the ligamentum nuchae?

Thoracic region

Cranial region

Cervical region (correct)

Lumbar region

What is the function of the interspinous ligaments?

Limits rotation

Limits lateral flexion

Limits extension

Limits forward flexion (correct)

What is the function of the alar ligaments?

Limits rotation of the head

Limits forward flexion

Resists anterior sliding of L5 and S1

Limits contralateral lateral flexion (correct)

What is the strongest region of the iliolumbar ligament?

Cervicothoracic junction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the zygapophyseal joint capsules?

Resists forward flexion and axial rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the apophyseal joints?

Guides intervertebral motion Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interbody joints?

Connect an intervertebral disc with a pair of vertebral bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is osteokinematics?

Movements of the spine as a whole Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement within any given intervertebral junction?

Small Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a ligament is ruptured or lax?

It cannot adequately stabilize its associated intervertebral junction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Anterior longitudinal ligament?

Resists distraction, translation, and rotation of vertebral bodies Signup and view all the answers

What ligament limits forward flexion and reinforces the posterior portion of the anulus fibrosus?

Posterior longitudinal ligament Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Ligamentum flavum well developed?

In the cervical, lower thoracic, and lumbar regions Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Posterior atlantoaxial ligament?

Limits flexion Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments are found in the Atlas (C1) and axis (C2)?

Posterior atlantoaxial ligament and Supraspinous ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What is the region of the Supraspinous ligaments?

Thoracic and lumbar regions (C7–L3 or L4) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the Ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region?

It is weaker in the lumbar region Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the Ligamentum flavum in the lumbar region?

Thin, broad, and long Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of adding small movements across the entire vertebral column?

Considerable angular rotation Signup and view all the answers

Which plane of movement is associated with forward and backward bending?

Sagittal Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement occurs when a point on the anterior side of the vertebral body moves to the right or left?

Axial rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of joint approximation?

Movement closer to the partner facet Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the separation of joint surfaces?

Separation Signup and view all the answers

What type of force causes sliding between joint surfaces?

Shear force Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of axial rotation in the vertebral column?

Axial rotation between L1 and L2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement is characterized by secondary movements that consistently accompany a primary motion?

Coupled movements Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the therapeutic application of a distraction force to decompress or separate apophyseal joints?

Therapeutic traction Signup and view all the answers

What is the kinematic phenomenon called when the vertebral column moves in one plane and automatically moves in another plane?

Spinal coupling Signup and view all the answers

What do pure lateral flexion and pure rotation typically not occur in?

Any region of the spine Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between lateral flexion and axial rotation in the middle and lower cervical spine?

Ipsilateral Signup and view all the answers

During primary lateral bending, what type of rotation is observed in the thoracic spine?

Ipsilateral axial rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the smallest functional unit in the spine?

Motion segment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of rotation observed in the lumbar spine during primary lateral bending?

Contralateral axial rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the phenomenon where a movement in one plane is associated with an automatic movement in another plane?