36 Questions
What is the primary consideration when lifting an object from the ground?
The weight of the object
What is the primary cause of pubic pain during pregnancy?
Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles
How can neuromuscular tension be managed during pregnancy?
By practicing relaxation techniques
What is the primary benefit of teaching breathing awareness during pregnancy?
Enhanced relaxation during labour
What is the primary goal of teaching positions for labour?
To enhance the mother's comfort
What is the primary treatment for cramping in the calf muscles?
Slow, sustained stretching
What is the primary goal of antenatal preparation for parents?
To fulfill the parents' expressed needs
What is the origin of the term 'antenatal'?
From Latin words 'ante' and 'nātālis'
What is the third aim of adequate antenatal care?
To give confidence to the woman in her own abilities
What is the focus of antenatal care during different trimesters of pregnancy?
Designing antenatal classes
What is the role of a physiotherapist during pregnancy?
To solve and treat musculoskeletal problems
What is the period during pregnancy referred to as?
Antenatal period
What is the role of the physiotherapist during the antenatal period?
To identify and prevent musculoskeletal or neuromuscular problems that could be aggravated by pregnancy
Why are postural correction exercises practiced from different positions?
To minimize back strain
What is the purpose of teaching abdominal contractions?
To prevent back pain
Why is it important to teach pregnant women to perform leg exercises?
To prevent varicose veins
When lifting, why is it important to keep the feet apart?
To increase the base of support
What is the purpose of teaching pelvic tilting and postural correction exercises?
To improve posture and reduce back strain
Why is it important for pregnant women to practice pelvic floor contractions?
To strengthen the pelvic floor muscles
What is the purpose of the physiotherapist's sessions during the antenatal period?
To teach pregnant women exercises and techniques to reduce discomfort and improve physical health
What is the primary concern of the earliest antenatal education?
To help couples understand the physiological changes of pregnancy
What is the most common anxiety experienced by primigravidae and multigravidae during pregnancy?
The baby will die in utero
What is the significance of understanding the bony pelvis in antenatal education?
It is essential for the development of certain anatomical structures
What is the primary goal of giving instructions on the physical plane in antenatal education?
To help a young woman through phases of childbearing cycle
What is the significance of the development of muscles, ligaments, and interstitial tissue in antenatal education?
It is crucial for the function of joints during pregnancy
What is the primary concern related to conception after the birth?
The drugs taken in pregnancy will cause birth defects
What is the importance of understanding labour in antenatal education?
It helps the woman cope with physical changes and associated discomfort
What is the significance of the attachment of the muscles of the pelvic floor in antenatal education?
It is essential for the development of certain anatomical structures
What is the benefit of pelvic floor contraction and relaxation exercises during pregnancy?
To get the pelvic floor muscles strong and elastic
What is the purpose of teaching mother panting breathing during the last month of pregnancy?
To relieve labour pain
Which of the following is a relative contraindication to exercise during pregnancy?
Women unused to high level of excursion
What is the recommended daily exercise for pregnant women?
Walking in open fresh air for at least 1 hour daily
What should be avoided during the last month of pregnancy?
Travelling, especially on hard roads and for long distances
What is the purpose of arm exercises during pregnancy?
To prepare for lactation and allow free flow of milk
What is the purpose of relaxation training during the last month of pregnancy?
To divert attention and reduce anxiety
What is the benefit of abdominal exercises during pregnancy?
To strengthen the abdominal muscles and support the back
Study Notes
Antenatal Care
- Antenatal period is the period during pregnancy, and antenatal care refers to the medical care given to pregnant women before their babies are born.
- Aims of adequate antenatal care:
- Detect and treat any physical or psychological defects
- Prepare the parents for the birth and care of the baby
- Give confidence to the woman in her own abilities through an understanding of how her body functions and the various changes occurring during pregnancy and birth
Role of Physiotherapist during Pregnancy
- Physiotherapist sessions during antenatal period should include:
- Pregnancy back care
- Symphysis pubic pain
- Pelvic floor and pelvic tilting exercise
- Exercise for circulation and cramps
- Fatigue
- Effect of stress on body and mind
- Emotional reactions
- Stress and relaxation
- Assess physical health and identify any musculoskeletal or neuromuscular problems that could be aggravated by pregnancy
- Advise on back care and lifting:
- Back strain is minimized when the spine is held in its normal curves
- Postural correction exercises are practiced from different positions
- Lifting advices:
- Hold objects close to the body
- Foot should be apart to increase the base of support
- Leg exercises to improve circulation and maintain tone of the muscles which support foot arches
- Pelvic floor contraction and relaxation to get pelvic floor muscles strong and elastic
- Abdominal exercises
- Arm exercise for preparation of lactation and to allow free flow of milk
Solving Musculoskeletal Problems
- Pubic pain is often related to diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles due to repeated pregnancies and can be treated by pelvic support as a firm elastic corset
- Lumbar pain may be eased by soft tissue kneading and mobilization
- Cramp can be relieved by slow, sustained stretch on the muscles and by foot exercises
Controlling Tension and Pain
- The physiotherapist must teach the pregnant woman how to recognize tension and how to deal with it through relaxation techniques and breathing awareness
- Relaxation principles can reduce the severity of pain during labor
Teaching Positions for Labour
- The physiotherapist should teach the pregnant woman positions that may be used for labor and explain the different stages of labor
Contraindications to Exercise during Pregnancy
- Absolute contraindications:
- Cardiovascular disease
- Acute infection
- Spontaneous abortion
- Vaginal bleeding or rupture of membrane
- Incompetent cervix
- Hypertension
- Fetal distress
- Pulmonary embolism
- Active thyroid
- Uncontrolled type 1 diabetes
- Relative contraindications:
- Women unused to high level of excursion
- Blood diseases e.g. anemia
- Thyroid diseases
- Breach presentation in third trimester
- Extreme obesity or underweight
Advices
- Exercise and Travelling:
- Avoid vigorous exercises as swimming, tennis and cycling especially in the first part of pregnancy
- The best exercise is walking in open fresh air, at least one hour daily
- Travelling should be avoided, particularly during the last month, especially on hard roads and for a long distances
- If there is a history of habitual abortion or premature labours, travelling should be completely prevented
This quiz covers proper lifting techniques, including holding objects close to the body and ensuring comfortable weights. It also touches on physiotherapy skills, specifically treating pubic pain related to diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles.
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