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Questions and Answers
Why does the American Red Cross teach this course?
You notice a patron that is swimming laps who suddenly slips under water without a struggle and does not resurface. This person is probably:
Primary responsibilities of a lifeguard include:
After you activate the emergency action plan (EAP) for a child accidentally falling into the water and in distress, what steps should you take next?
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The size and shape of a lifeguard’s zone should allow them to recognize and reach a victim in the furthest and deepest part of their zone within:
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What can help a lifeguard stay alert in a hot facility?
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What should be included when completing an incident report?
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When placing a responsive victim with a suspected head, neck, or spinal injury on a backboard, what in-line stabilization technique should be used?
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When does emergency back-up coverage take place with three lifeguards on duty?
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What should lifeguards use when conducting a swim test?
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What should safety team members be trained in?
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What rescue technique would be appropriate for a victim who is horizontal in the water, at the surface in 4 feet of water, facing you, and appears unconscious?
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What symptom indicates a head, neck, or spinal injury in a patron who dives into the shallow end of the lap pool?
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Which equipment should lifeguards wear or carry?
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Study Notes
Lifeguarding Skills
- The American Red Cross teaches lifeguarding skills to help people make appropriate decisions in emergencies, prevent injuries from getting worse, and provide care until medical personnel arrive.
- Lifeguards' primary responsibilities include inspecting the pool and equipment, paying attention to patrons, and actively searching their assigned zone.
Recognizing Distress
- A passive victim is someone who slips underwater without a struggle and does not resurface.
- Primary assessment steps in a water emergency: size-up the scene, perform a primary assessment, activate the EAP, summon EMS, and perform a secondary assessment.
- When a patron is struggling or in distress, lifeguards should use the RID factor to determine the best course of action.
Rescue Techniques
- When rescuing a victim with a suspected spinal injury, lifeguards should provide manual in-line stabilization using the head splint technique.
- Lifeguards should enter the water only when necessary and should always prioritize their own safety.
- In shallow water, lifeguards may not need to use a backboard to extricate the victim.
Emergency Response
- The objective of the facility safety team is to assist lifeguards in maintaining a safe environment and providing emergency care.
- When a lifeguard identifies a patron in distress, they should activate the EAP, clear the pool, and summon EMS.
- Lifeguards should provide emergency care, such as CPR and first aid, as needed.
Patron Surveillance
- Effective patron surveillance involves actively scanning the pool area, recognizing potential hazards, and taking action to prevent accidents.
- Lifeguards should be aware of their surroundings, including the pool deck, patron behavior, and weather conditions.
Facility Safety
- Lifeguards should inspect the pool and equipment before each shift to ensure everything is in good working order.
- Accidental fecal releases (AFRs) require immediate attention, including water treatment, temporary pool closure, and notification of management.
- Lifeguards should be aware of facility rules and regulations and educate patrons about them.
Spinal Injuries
- Lifeguards should suspect a spinal injury when a patron is involved in a high-impact activity, such as diving, or exhibits symptoms such as blood in the ears or nose.
- When removing a victim with a suspected spinal injury from the water, lifeguards should use a modified spinal backboarding procedure.
- Lifeguards should provide manual stabilization and protect the victim from becoming cold.
Communication
- Lifeguards should communicate effectively with patrons, other lifeguards, and management in emergency situations.
- Incident reports should include factual information about what was seen, heard, and the actions taken.
Miscellaneous
- Lifeguards should attend pre-season orientation and training to ensure they understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job.
- During weather-related power failures, lifeguards should clear the pool and ensure patrons are safe.
- In-service training should include practicing emergency response scenarios, such as recognizing a distressed swimmer and rescuing an active victim.
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Description
Learn about the essential skills and responsibilities of lifeguards, including emergency response and recognizing distress signals.
