Life Processes in Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of guard cells in plants?

  • To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
  • To transport nutrients to various plant parts
  • To facilitate water absorption through roots
  • To regulate the opening and closing of stomatal pores (correct)

    • In the experiment with potassium hydroxide, what is the role of this chemical?

  • To stimulate photosynthetic activity
  • To absorb carbon dioxide from the air (correct)
  • To enhance starch production
  • To absorb oxygen from the environment

    • Which process primarily involves the exchange of gases in leaves?

  • Photosynthesis (correct)
  • Respiration
  • Osmosis
  • Transpiration

    • What can be concluded if a leaf shows the presence of starch after the plant is kept in the sunlight?

    <p>Photosynthesis occurred in the presence of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to stomatal pores when guard cells lose water?

    <p>They shrink, causing the pores to close</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nutrients is crucial for protein synthesis in plants?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a significant conclusion from observing two plants with different conditions in a controlled experiment?

    <p>Environmental factors greatly affect photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of excessive water loss through stomata in plants?

    <p>Risk of wilting and impaired growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature aids terrestrial organisms in oxygen absorption?

    <p>A fine and delicate lung surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do aquatic organisms primarily obtain dissolved oxygen?

    <p>By forcing water past their gills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organs is primarily affected by tobacco use?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does mucus play in the respiratory system of humans?

    <p>It filters and moistens the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major risk factor associated with smokeless tobacco?

    <p>Pulmonary diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature prevents the collapse of the air passage in the throat?

    <p>Rings of cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the exchange of gases crucial in respiration?

    <p>It facilitates oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of using tobacco, particularly in the form of gutkha, in India?

    <p>Higher incidence of oral cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the tubes used in the patient's treatment?

    <p>To purify the blood through diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much initial filtrate do healthy adult kidneys process daily?

    <p>180 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between dialysis and the kidney's function?

    <p>Dialysis does not involve reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process allows waste products to move from blood to dialysing fluid during dialysis?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be considered a waste product of photosynthesis in plants?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organ donation?

    <p>It is limited to blood donation only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of fluid is generally excreted by the kidneys from the daily filtrate?

    <p>1 to 2 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of organ transplants?

    <p>To save or transform lives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveoli in the lungs?

    <p>To provide a surface for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural component is primarily responsible for the uptake of oxygen in the human bloodstream?

    <p>Haemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does smoking affect the respiratory system according to the content?

    <p>It destroys hair-like structures in the upper respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of residual volume in the lungs?

    <p>To facilitate continuous gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

    <p>It contracts and flattens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes double circulation in vertebrates?

    <p>Blood flows through the heart twice during each cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is carbon dioxide primarily transported in the dissolved form in the blood?

    <p>Because it is more soluble in water than oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body accommodate larger animal sizes in terms of oxygen delivery?

    <p>By utilizing respiratory pigments for oxygen transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for diastolic pressure?

    <p>80 mm of Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of cilia in the respiratory system?

    <p>They assist in the removal of harmful particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do valves in veins serve?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of capillaries in the circulatory system?

    <p>They are one cell thick to facilitate exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instrument is used to measure blood pressure?

    <p>Sphygmomanometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition results from the constriction of arterioles?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a blood vessel leaks during an injury?

    <p>Blood loss needs to be minimized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of arteries in the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport blood away from the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary function does the xylem serve in plant transport systems?

    <p>Movement of water and minerals from soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is water movement initiated within the roots of a plant?

    <p>By actively taking up ions from the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does transpiration play in the movement of water through a plant?

    <p>It generates suction that pulls water upwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the plant transport system is responsible for carrying products of photosynthesis?

    <p>Phloem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs as a result of water loss through the stomata of a plant leaf?

    <p>Suction effect that pulls water from the xylem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature enables the xylem to transport water effectively over great distances?

    <p>Interconnected vessels and tracheids forming continuous channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the pressure alone insufficient to move water to the top of tall plants?

    <p>Gravity counteracts positive pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results when stomata are covered with a plastic sheet during the experiment described?

    <p>Reduced evaporation from the leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Life Processes

    • Living organisms exhibit various processes to maintain their life, even when seemingly inactive
    • Life processes are needed to prevent damage and breakdown, requiring energy
    • Organisms acquire energy from external sources (food)
    • Different organisms have various nutritional processes, depending on complex sources
    • Chemical reactions in the body break down food to create a uniform energy source for processes and growth.
    • Living things require raw materials from outside the body (food) to grow, develop and synthesis proteins.
    • Oxygen is often used in the breakdown of raw materials.
    • Single-celled organisms may not require specific organs for nutrient absorption and waste removal since their whole surface area is in contact with their environment.
    • Larger, multi-cellular organisms need specialized tissues and organs to acquire nutrients, transport them, and remove wastes.
    • Maintenance, and repair of the organism's structure are essential for life.

    Nutrition

    • Organisms obtain energy and raw materials from the food they consume. This is called nutrition.
    • Autotrophs can make their own food using inorganic materials like carbon dioxide and water.
    • Autotrophic organisms (e.g., plants) use photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates using sunlight and chlorophyll.
    • Heterotrophic organisms (e.g., animals, and fungi) must obtain food from other organisms (or products thereof).
    • Heterotrophic organisms obtain energy by breaking down complex substances using enzymes.

    Respiration

    • Organisms need energy for various life processes, obtained through the breakdown of food.
    • Respiration involves taking oxygen from the environment and converting it into carbon dioxide.
    • Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, yielding more energy than anaerobic (oxygen-less) respiration.
    • Different organisms use various forms of respiration depending on their environment and needs.
    • The amount of carbon dioxide in exhaled air is larger than in inhaled air.

    Transportation

    • Transportation systems are required in larger multi-cellular organisms for efficient movement of essential materials throughout the body.
    • The transportation system transports food, oxygen, wastes and other essential materials in the body.
    • These systems must ensure that all cells in the body have access to nutrients and oxygen, and they are also able to carry wastes away for removal.
    • In humans, the circulatory system ensures continuous circulation of blood through veins, arteries, and capillaries.
    • Blood contains oxygen, nutrients and other substances.
    • The heart pumps blood throughout the body.
    • In plants, xylem vessels carry water and mineral salts from roots to leaves and phloem vessels carry food from leaves to other parts of the plant.

    Excretion

    • Excretion is the process of removing harmful waste products from the body/
    • Simple organisms may release wastes through their entire surface by diffusion.
    • Complex organisms have specialized excretory organs.
    • In humans, the kidneys filter wastes from the blood and produce urine, which is then excreted from the body. Through the urinary system
    • Plants store waste products in vacuoles, in fallen leaves and other parts.
    • Organ donation is the generous act of donating an organ to someone with an organ deficiency.

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    Life Processes PDF

    Description

    Explore the essential life processes that sustain living organisms, from energy acquisition to nutrient absorption and waste removal. This quiz delves into how both single-celled and multi-cellular organisms maintain their structures and functions. Test your knowledge on the chemical reactions and specialized systems involved in life processes.

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