Life Cycle of Hymenolepis nana Parasite
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of helminth?

  • Platyhelminth
  • Protozoihelminth (correct)
  • Nematoda
  • Nematihelminth

    • The adult worm of Hymenolepis nana is found in which part of the human body?

  • Liver
  • Posterior ileum
  • Proximal ileum (correct)
  • Lungs

    • What is the typical length range of the adult Hymenolepis nana worm?

  • 1-5 mm
  • 45-100 mm
  • 5-45 mm (correct)
  • 100-200 mm

    • Which of the following is the most common mode of transmission for Hymenolepis nana?

    <p>Ingestion of contaminated food and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key feature of the life cycle of Hymenolepis nana?

    <p>It undergoes external autoinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the larval stage of Hymenolepis nana that develops in the intestinal villus?

    <p>Cysticercoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta in terms of their adult worms?

    <p>The adult worm of H. diminuta measures 10-60 cm, while H. nana is 5-45 mm long.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the infective stage for both Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta infections in humans?

    <p>Eggs passed in the stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in the life cycle between Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta?

    <p>H. nana has a direct life cycle, while H. diminuta requires a rat flea intermediate host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the diagnostic stage for Hymenolepis diminuta infection?

    <p>Eggs passed in the stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in the definitive host between Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta?

    <p>H. nana infects only humans, while H. diminuta infects both humans and rats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common clinical presentation of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in humans?

    <p>Asymptomatic infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the life cycle of Hymenolepis nana is correct?

    <p>The diagnosis of hymenolepis infection is made by demonstration of characteristic eggs in feces using concentration methods like salt flotation and formalin ether.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure described as a 'solid pyriform structure, with the vesicular anterior end containing the invaginated scolex and a short conical posterior end'?

    <p>The cysticercoid larva of Hymenolepis nana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the treatment of hymenolepis infection is correct?

    <p>Praziquantel is the drug of choice, as it acts against both the adult worms and the cysticercoids in the intestinal villi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the clinical features of hymenolepis infection is incorrect?

    <p>Most infections are asymptomatic, and patients rarely experience any clinical manifestations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the intermediate hosts of Hymenolepis nana is correct?

    <p>Both the human and murine strains of H. nana use rat fleas as the intermediate host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diagnostic methods is mentioned as being used for the detection of hymenolepis infection?

    <p>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Helminthes

    • Helminthes are classified into two main groups: Platyhelminthes and Nematihelminthes
    • Platyhelminthes are further divided into two subgroups: Trematoda and Cestoda
    • Nematihelminthes are classified into Nematoda

    Hymenolepis Nana (Dwarf Tapeworm)

    • Habitat: Adult worm lives in the proximal ileum of humans
    • Morphology:
      • Smallest intestinal cestode that infects humans
      • Length: 5-45 mm
      • Thickness: less than 1 mm
      • Scolex has 4 suckers and a retractile rostellum with a single row of hooklets
    • Life Cycle:
      • Host: Man
      • No intermediate host (direct life cycle)
      • Mode of transmission:
        • Ingestion of contaminated food and water
        • Internal autoinfection
        • External autoinfection through fecal-oral route
    • Unusual feature: Undergoes multiplication in the body of the definitive host

    Hymenolepis Diminuta (Rat Tapeworm)

    • Habitat: Adult worm lives in the small intestine of humans and rats
    • Morphology:
      • Length: 10-60 cm
      • Rosetellum on the head has no hooks
      • Mature segment has two testes on one side and another testis on the other side
    • Life Cycle:
      • Adult worms are present in the small intestine of humans and rats
      • Eggs are ingested by the rat flea and develop to cysticercoid stage
      • Infection to humans occurs accidentally by food or contaminated hands
    • Pathogenecity:
      • Most infections are asymptomatic
      • Occasionally, patients may present with nausea, anorexia, and diarrhea
    • Treatment: Same as Hymenolepis nana

    Comparison of H. Nana and H. Diminuta

    • Habitat:
      • H. Nana: Small intestine of humans
      • H. Diminuta: Small intestine of humans and rats
    • Definitive host:
      • H. Nana: Man
      • H. Diminuta: Rat and man
    • Infective stage:
      • H. Nana: Eggs
      • H. Diminuta: Eggs or cysticercoid stage
    • Diagnostic stage:
      • H. Nana: Eggs
      • H. Diminuta: Eggs, brown with no polar filaments

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    Description

    Learn about the life cycle of Hymenolepis nana, a parasitic worm that infects humans. Understand the stages of development from larva to mature worm, as well as its transmission through rodents and fleas.

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