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Questions and Answers
What is the main goal of classic liberalism?
Which of the following figures is NOT associated with liberalism?
What does political liberalism primarily advocate for?
Which concept is a key component of economic liberalism?
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Which social class is considered part of the upper class in social liberalism?
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What challenge did liberalism face in Central America during the early 19th century?
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In which years did the Central American Federation exist?
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Which element is NOT a characteristic of social liberalism?
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Study Notes
Overview of Liberalism
- Liberalism emerged in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries, emphasizing individual freedom and rights.
- According to Milton Friedman, classic liberalism considers freedom the ultimate goal and prioritizes the individual as the highest authority in society.
Key Figures in Liberalism
- Prominent figures include:
- John Locke: Advocate of individual rights and government by consent.
- Montesquieu: Introduced the idea of separation of powers.
- Thomas Jefferson: Key proponent of political rights in the American context.
- Benjamin Franklin: Influential in promoting Enlightenment ideals.
- John Stuart Mill: Emphasized liberty and utilitarianism.
- François Quesnay: Economist contributing to classical liberal thought.
- Adam Smith: Father of modern economics known for advocating free markets.
Types of Liberalism
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Political Liberalism
- Advocates for liberties, individual rights, and legal equality.
- Promotes separation of powers among executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
- Supports constitutions that protect basic human rights.
- Argues for the right to vote in a representative government.
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Economic Liberalism
- Stresses the significance of private property and business competition.
- Supports principles allowing property and wealth accumulation.
- Encourages capitalism, which drives business creation, industrialization, and economic growth.
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Social Liberalism
- Creates a class-based society by differentiating people based on wealth.
- Recognizes social hierarchy consisting of:
- Upper class: Landowners and entrepreneurs.
- Middle class: Professionals and bureaucrats.
- Lower class: Working-class citizens, farmers, laborers, and unskilled workers.
Liberalism in Honduras
- Honduras was part of the Central American Federation from 1820 to 1830, which fostered liberal ideas.
- Notable liberal leaders included Manuel Jose Arce and Francisco Morazan.
- The initial liberal period in Central America was short-lived due to opposition from powerful entities, such as the Church and conservatives.
- By around 1840, Central America experienced a separation that curtailed liberal movements.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of liberalism, its historical roots, and key figures who shaped this political theory. Understand the various types of liberalism and how they influence modern politics. This quiz will test your knowledge of classic liberal thought and its champions.
