Lewis Structures Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which element can form three covalent bonds to achieve a complete octet?

Carbon (C)
Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O)
Nitrogen (N) (correct)

How many total electrons are present in the Lewis structure of the hydroxide ion (OH⁻)?

8
11
9
10 (correct)

What is the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen chloride (HCl)?

H-Cl: (correct)
H-Cl: with four unshared electrons on hydrogen
H=Cl:
Cl-H:

What is the chemical formula for zinc fluoride?

<p>ZnF₂ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula H₂O is categorized as which type of chemical formula?

<p>Molecular formula (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Why does Nitrogen form three covalent bonds?

Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons and can form three covalent bonds to achieve a stable octet configuration.

How many electrons are in the Lewis structure of OH⁻?

The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) has a total of 10 electrons involved in its Lewis structure, consisting of 8 valence electrons from oxygen, 1 from hydrogen, and 1 additional electron due to the negative charge.

Draw the Lewis structure of HCl

The Lewis structure of hydrogen chloride (HCl) shows a single covalent bond between hydrogen and chlorine, with chlorine possessing 6 unshared electrons.

What is the formula for zinc fluoride?

Zinc fluoride (ZnF₂) is formed by combining zinc ions (with a +2 charge) and fluoride ions (with a -1 charge). The chemical formula reflects the balanced ratio required for neutrality.

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What is a molecular formula?

A molecular formula represents the exact number of atoms of each element present in a molecule. For example, H₂O indicates the presence of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom in a water molecule.

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Study Notes

Lewis Structure Questions and Answers

Question 1: Identify the substance with three covalent bonds in its Lewis structure.
- Answer: Ammonia (NH). Nitrogen forms three covalent bonds to achieve a full octet.
Question 2: Determine the number of electrons in the Lewis structure of the hydroxide ion (OH⁻).
- Answer: 10 electrons. This includes 8 valence electrons from oxygen, 1 from hydrogen, and 1 extra electron due to the negative charge.
Question 3: Draw the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen chloride (HCl).
- Answer: H-Cl: Chlorine has 6 unshared electrons.
Question 4: What is the formula for zinc fluoride?
- Answer: ZnF₂. Zinc has a +2 charge, and fluoride has a -1 charge.
Question 5: What type of formula is H₂O?
- Answer: Molecular formula. It indicates the exact number of atoms in the molecule.
Question 6: How are nonmetal atoms represented in Lewis structures?
- Answer: Each nonmetal atom, except hydrogen, should be surrounded by eight valence electrons.