Covalent Bonds and Lewis Structures

What distinguishes polar covalent bonds from non-polar covalent bonds?

What is depicted by three small lines (≡) in a Lewis structure diagram?

Which of the following statements about bond pairs and lone pairs is correct?

How do polar covalent bonds create a dipole moment?

Which of the following features characterizes a non-polar covalent bond?

Which molecule is an example of a triple covalent bond?

What is the role of lone pairs of electrons in a molecule?

What results in the formation of a polar covalent bond?

In a Lewis structure diagram, what do dots or crosses represent?

Which of the following statements best describes an impure covalent bond?

Covalent Bonds

Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons
Triple covalent bonds involve three shared electron pairs between atoms
Triple covalent bonds are represented by three lines between atoms in a diagram
Examples of molecules with triple bonds are nitrogen (N₂) and ethyne (C₂H₂)

Lewis Structure Diagrams

Lewis structure diagrams show valence electron configuration of atoms in molecules
Electrons are represented by dots or crosses around the atomic symbol
Diagrams illustrate the arrangement of electrons surrounding atoms

Polar vs. Non-Polar Covalent Bonds

Polar covalent bonds form between different types of atoms
Shared electrons are not equally attracted by both atoms in a polar bond
Non-polar covalent bonds form between similar atoms
Shared electrons are equally attracted by both atoms in a non-polar bond

Types of Covalent Bonds

Pure covalent bond: formed by equal sharing of electrons
Impure covalent bond: formed by unequal sharing of electrons

Properties of Covalent Bonds

Impure covalent bonds have a dipole moment and charge build-up
Pure covalent bonds do not have a dipole moment or charge build-up

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds occur between charged poles of polar molecules

Bond Pairs and Lone Pairs

Electrons that form a chemical bond are called a bond pair of electrons
Non-bonded electrons available on an atom in a molecule are called a lone pair of electrons
Ammonia (NH₃) has one lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom

Explore the fascinating world of covalent bonds, their types, and how they are represented in Lewis structure diagrams. This quiz covers key concepts like polar and non-polar covalent bonds and the significance of electron sharing between atoms. Test your understanding of these chemical fundamentals!