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Provide an example of a Lewis base and explain why it is a Lewis base.
Provide an example of a Lewis base and explain why it is a Lewis base.
An example of a Lewis base is NH3 because it can donate its lone pair of electrons, making it capable of forming a dative bond with a Lewis acid to form a Lewis adduct.
What is a Lewis acid?
What is a Lewis acid?
A Lewis acid is a chemical species that contains an empty orbital capable of accepting an electron pair from a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct.
Define a Lewis base.
Define a Lewis base.
A Lewis base is any species that has a filled orbital containing an electron pair which is not involved in bonding but may form a dative bond with a Lewis acid to form a Lewis adduct.
Identify a substance mentioned in the text that is a Lewis acid and explain why it is classified as such.
Identify a substance mentioned in the text that is a Lewis acid and explain why it is classified as such.
Describe the formation of a Lewis adduct and provide an example from the text.
Describe the formation of a Lewis adduct and provide an example from the text.
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Study Notes
Lewis Acids and Bases
Lewis Bases
- A Lewis base is an electron pair donor, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron acceptor (Lewis acid).
- Example: Ammonia (NH3) is a Lewis base because it has a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to form a covalent bond.
- In ammonia, the nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons that can be shared with a Lewis acid.
Lewis Acids
- A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron donor (Lewis base).
- Example: Boron trifluoride (BF3) is a Lewis acid because it has an incomplete octet and can accept an electron pair to form a covalent bond.
Lewis Adduct Formation
- A Lewis adduct is a compound formed by the reaction of a Lewis acid with a Lewis base.
- Example: The reaction of ammonia (NH3) with boron trifluoride (BF3) forms a Lewis adduct, H3NBF3.
- In this reaction, the nitrogen atom of ammonia donates a lone pair of electrons to the boron atom of boron trifluoride, forming a covalent bond.
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