Levels of Organisation and Cell Structures Quiz

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Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy in a cell?

Ribosomes
Mitochondria (correct)
Vacuole
Nucleus

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Protein synthesis
Photosynthesis (correct)
Energy production
Waste removal

In which part of the human digestive system does the digestion of starch to glucose mainly occur?

Large intestine
Small intestine (correct)
Stomach
Mouth

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Protection and support (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key role of enzymes in metabolic reactions?

Biological catalysts (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane?

Osmosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product of photosynthesis in plants?

Glucose (D) Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are made up of which basic units?

Simple sugars (D) Signup and view all the answers

Peristalsis is primarily responsible for:

Movement of food in the gut (D) Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of cell differentiation in the development of specialised cells.

Cell differentiation is important because it allows cells to develop specific structures and functions needed for their specialized roles in the body. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using stem cells in medicine.

The advantages of using stem cells in medicine include their potential to regenerate damaged tissues, but the disadvantages involve ethical concerns and risks of tumor formation. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

Carbohydrates: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen; Proteins: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen; Lipids: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units.

Carbohydrates: Starch and glycogen from simple sugars; Proteins: Amino acids; Lipids: Fatty acids and glycerol. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how temperature changes can affect enzyme function, including changes to the shape of the active site.

Temperature changes can denature enzymes, altering the shape of their active site and affecting their ability to catalyze reactions effectively. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the processes of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport in moving substances into and out of cells.

Diffusion is the movement of substances from high to low concentration, osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane, and active transport uses energy to move substances against the concentration gradient. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of photosynthesis and its importance in converting light energy to chemical energy.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, providing the foundation of the food chain. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of the leaf and explain how it is adapted for photosynthesis.

Leaves have a large surface area and contain chloroplasts, specialized for capturing sunlight and carrying out photosynthesis efficiently. Signup and view all the answers

Understand the role of digestive enzymes, including the digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase.

Digestive enzymes like amylase and maltase break down complex molecules like starch into simpler forms like glucose to facilitate nutrient absorption. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of peristalsis and how it helps in moving food through the gut.

Peristalsis is the coordinated muscular contractions that propel food along the digestive tract, ensuring the efficient movement of food from the mouth to the stomach and intestines. Signup and view all the answers