Levels of Classification Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the 1st level of classification?

  • Class
  • Domain (correct)
  • Phylum
  • Kingdom

What is the 2nd level of classification?

  • Phylum
  • Family
  • Class
  • Kingdom (correct)

What is the 3rd level of classification?

  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Phylum (correct)

What is the 4th level of classification?

<p>Class (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 5th level of classification?

<p>Order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 6th level of classification?

<p>Family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 7th level of classification?

<p>Genus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the last level of classification?

<p>Species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of humans?

<p>Homo sapiens</p> Signup and view all the answers

Domain _____

<p>Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kingdom ____

<p>Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phylum ________

<p>Chordata</p> Signup and view all the answers

Class ______

<p>Mammalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Order _________

<p>Primates</p> Signup and view all the answers

Family ________

<p>Hominidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Genus _______

<p>Homo</p> Signup and view all the answers

Species _________

<p>Sapiens</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two-part naming system is called the ______________

<p>Binomial Nomenclature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Genus is _________ Species is _______

<p>Capitalized, Not</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a biological species?

<p>A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organism resulting from the cross between species is called ________

<p>Hybrid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 domains of life?

<p>Domain Archae, Domain Bacteria, Domain Eukarya (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Characteristics of Domain Archae?

<ol> <li>Prokaryotic 2. Most ancient form of life. 3. Live in extreme environments.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Characteristics of Domain Bacteria?

<ol> <li>Prokaryotic 2. Differ from Archae by habitat, structure of cell walls, and RNA structure.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Characteristics of Domain Eukarya?

<ol> <li>Eukaryotic 2. Contains 4 kingdoms: Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is a vestigial structure?

<p>An evolutionary trait that is evidence of ancestry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are homologous structures?

<p>Structures similar in form, may differ in function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are analogous structures?

<p>Similar in function but do not share an evolutionary history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Difference between Eukarya and Prokarya?

<p>Prokarya is single-stranded and does not have a nucleus; Eukarya DNA is double helix and has a nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are _______

<p>Heterotrophic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chinook Salmon belong to what kingdom?

<p>Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coral belong to what kingdom?

<p>Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Amoeba belong to what kingdom?

<p>Protista</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mold belongs to what kingdom?

<p>Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

An example of a structure that's homologous with a human arm would be ________

<p>Bat wing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cladogram?

<p>A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Levels of Classification

  • Domains serve as the highest rank in the biological classification system, including Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archae.
  • Kingdoms categorize organisms under domains; for instance, Animalia is a kingdom under Eukarya.
  • Phylum groups organisms based on major body plans, such as Chordata for animals with a backbone.
  • Class further subdivides phylum; Mammalia includes all mammals.
  • Orders cluster species based on similar characteristics; Primates include humans and monkeys.
  • Families group closely related organisms, like Hominidae, which includes great apes and humans.
  • Genus consists of closely related species; Homo is the genus for humans.
  • Species is the most specific classification level, defining interbreeding populations; for humans, it is sapiens.

Human Classification

  • Humans are classified within the following hierarchy:
    • Domain: Eukarya
    • Kingdom: Animalia
    • Phylum: Chordata
    • Class: Mammalia
    • Order: Primates
    • Family: Hominidae
    • Genus: Homo
    • Species: sapiens

Binomial Nomenclature

  • A two-part naming system that provides a unique name to each species.
  • The genus name is capitalized, while the species name is not.

Biological Species Definition

  • A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
  • Example: Horses and donkeys can mate to produce mules, which are sterile.

Hybrid Organism

  • An organism resulting from crosses between species is termed a hybrid.

Domains of Life

  • Three domains: Archae, Bacteria, and Eukarya.

Characteristics of Domain Archae

  • Prokaryotic and the most ancient life form.
  • Often found in extreme environments such as hot springs.
  • Contains one kingdom: Kingdom Archae.

Characteristics of Domain Bacteria

  • Prokaryotic and distinct from Archae based on habitat, cell wall structure, and RNA.
  • Contains one kingdom: Kingdom Bacteria.

Characteristics of Domain Eukarya

  • Eukaryotic and includes four kingdoms:
    • Kingdom Protista
    • Kingdom Plantae
    • Kingdom Fungi
    • Kingdom Animalia

Characteristics of Fungi

  • Can be multicellular or unicellular.
  • Heterotrophic, feeding on the growth of other organisms.
  • Examples include mushrooms and molds.

Characteristics of Protista

  • Comprises both multicellular and unicellular organisms.
  • Can be heterotrophic or autotrophic, producing their own food.
  • Examples include kelp and amoeba.

Characteristics of Plantae

  • Exclusively multicellular and autotrophic.
  • Organisms produce their own food via photosynthesis.
  • Examples include trees and flowers.

Characteristics of Animalia

  • Exclusively multicellular and heterotrophic.
  • Organisms consume other organisms for energy.
  • Examples include tigers and giraffes.

Vestigial Structures

  • Evolutionary remnants that hint at an organism's ancestry.
  • Examples include whale pelvic bones and the human appendix.

Homologous Structures

  • Anatomically similar structures that may serve different functions.
  • Example: Vertebrate forelimbs have similar bone structures.

Analogous Structures

  • Structures that serve similar functions but do not share a common evolutionary origin.
  • Examples include the wings of birds and insects.

Differences Between Eukarya and Prokarya

  • Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, whereas eukaryotes have a double-helix DNA structure and contain a nucleus.

Fungi Classification

  • Fungi belong to the kingdom Fungi and are categorized as heterotrophic organisms.

Specific Organisms and Their Kingdoms

  • Chinook Salmon: Animalia
  • Coral: Animalia
  • Amoeba: Protista
  • Mold: Fungi

Homologous Example

  • The bat wing is a homologous structure compared to the human arm.

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