Science Classification (8) Taxonomy Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the most general taxon?

Domain

What are the three Domains?

Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea

How many Kingdoms are there?

Six

What is the common feature of the animals in the phylum Chordata?

Spinal cords Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of bottlenose dolphins?

Mammalia Signup and view all the answers

What do all organisms of the same species have in common?

They can breed and produce fertile offspring. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'binomial nomenclature' refer to?

A naming system for organisms Signup and view all the answers

Who popularized the binomial naming system?

Carolus Linnaeus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'binomial' mean?

Two names Signup and view all the answers

What domain do humans belong to?

Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

What kingdom do humans belong to?

Animalia Signup and view all the answers

What is the phylum classification for humans?

Chordata Signup and view all the answers

What class do humans belong to?

Mammalia Signup and view all the answers

What order do humans belong to?

Primates Signup and view all the answers

What family do humans belong to?

Hominidae Signup and view all the answers

What genus do humans belong to?

Homo Signup and view all the answers

What species do humans belong to?

sapiens Signup and view all the answers

What is the Latin meaning of 'Homo sapiens'?

Wise man Signup and view all the answers

Which rank contains the largest number of organisms?

Class Signup and view all the answers

What are the ranks included in the name 'Tursiops truncatus'?

Genus and species Signup and view all the answers

Two organisms in the same taxonomic class must have physical features in common.

True Signup and view all the answers

The domain rank was created a long time ago.

False Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes eukaryotic organisms from archaebacteria?

Eukaryotic organisms have cell nuclei. Signup and view all the answers

What is the binomial name of the killer whale?

Orcinus orca Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature is shared by all animals in phylum Chordata?

Spines Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Taxonomy Overview

Taxonomy classifies living organisms into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics.
The classification hierarchy includes domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Each ranked category becomes more specific as you move down the list, leading to the most specific level, species.

Domains and Kingdoms

Organisms belong to one of three domains: Eukarya, Bacteria, or Archaea.
- Eukarya includes complex cells with a nucleus (e.g., animals, plants, fungi, protists).
- Bacteria consists of eubacteria with simpler cell structures.
- Archaea contains archaebacteria, often found in extreme environments.
There are six kingdoms within the domains: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Eubacteria, and Archaebacteria.

Phylum, Class, Order, and Family

The animal kingdom is comprised of numerous phyla; for instance, dolphins are classified under Phylum Chordata, which includes all animals with spinal cords.
Class Mammalia includes organisms with hair, air-breathing capabilities, and the ability to nurse young with milk, exemplified by bottlenose dolphins.

Species and Binomial Nomenclature

A species is defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
Scientific names are composed of the genus followed by the species, such as Tursiops truncatus for the bottlenose dolphin, adhering to binomial nomenclature.
Binomial nomenclature, meaning "two names" in Latin, standardizes naming across languages, enhancing clarity and precision in scientific communication.

Human Taxonomy

Humans fall under Eukarya domain, Animalia kingdom, Chordata phylum, Mammalia class, Primates order, Hominidae family, Homo genus, and sapiens species.
The Latin term "Homo sapiens" translates to "wise man."

Classification Validations

Class is the rank that comprises the largest number of organisms.
"Tursiops truncatus" indicates both the genus (Tursiops) and species (truncatus).
Organisms within the same taxonomic class share physical features and evolutionary characteristics.
The domain rank was established more recently than other classification ranks.
Eukaryotic organisms possess cell nuclei, distinguishing them from archaebacteria.

Important Organism Examples

Bottlenose dolphin: Eukarya domain, Animalia kingdom, Chordata phylum, Mammalia class, and Tursiops genus.
Orcinus orca is the binomial name for the orca whale.

Additional Points

Scientific classification aids in identifying and studying organisms, ensuring the use of consistent terminology globally.
Understanding taxonomy facilitates knowledge of evolutionary relationships among species.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the scientific classification system with these flashcards. Explore the hierarchical structure from domain to species as you learn and memorize key terms and their definitions. Ideal for students in biology or related fields!