Questions and Answers
What is the most general taxon?
Domain
What are the three Domains?
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
How many Kingdoms are there?
Six
What is the common feature of the animals in the phylum Chordata?
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What is the class of bottlenose dolphins?
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What do all organisms of the same species have in common?
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What does the term 'binomial nomenclature' refer to?
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Who popularized the binomial naming system?
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What does 'binomial' mean?
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What domain do humans belong to?
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What kingdom do humans belong to?
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What is the phylum classification for humans?
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What class do humans belong to?
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What order do humans belong to?
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What family do humans belong to?
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What genus do humans belong to?
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What species do humans belong to?
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What is the Latin meaning of 'Homo sapiens'?
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Which rank contains the largest number of organisms?
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What are the ranks included in the name 'Tursiops truncatus'?
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Two organisms in the same taxonomic class must have physical features in common.
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The domain rank was created a long time ago.
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What distinguishes eukaryotic organisms from archaebacteria?
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What is the binomial name of the killer whale?
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What unique feature is shared by all animals in phylum Chordata?
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Study Notes
Taxonomy Overview
- Taxonomy classifies living organisms into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics.
- The classification hierarchy includes domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
- Each ranked category becomes more specific as you move down the list, leading to the most specific level, species.
Domains and Kingdoms
- Organisms belong to one of three domains: Eukarya, Bacteria, or Archaea.
- Eukarya includes complex cells with a nucleus (e.g., animals, plants, fungi, protists).
- Bacteria consists of eubacteria with simpler cell structures.
- Archaea contains archaebacteria, often found in extreme environments.
- There are six kingdoms within the domains: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Eubacteria, and Archaebacteria.
Phylum, Class, Order, and Family
- The animal kingdom is comprised of numerous phyla; for instance, dolphins are classified under Phylum Chordata, which includes all animals with spinal cords.
- Class Mammalia includes organisms with hair, air-breathing capabilities, and the ability to nurse young with milk, exemplified by bottlenose dolphins.
Species and Binomial Nomenclature
- A species is defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
- Scientific names are composed of the genus followed by the species, such as Tursiops truncatus for the bottlenose dolphin, adhering to binomial nomenclature.
- Binomial nomenclature, meaning "two names" in Latin, standardizes naming across languages, enhancing clarity and precision in scientific communication.
Human Taxonomy
- Humans fall under Eukarya domain, Animalia kingdom, Chordata phylum, Mammalia class, Primates order, Hominidae family, Homo genus, and sapiens species.
- The Latin term "Homo sapiens" translates to "wise man."
Classification Validations
- Class is the rank that comprises the largest number of organisms.
- "Tursiops truncatus" indicates both the genus (Tursiops) and species (truncatus).
- Organisms within the same taxonomic class share physical features and evolutionary characteristics.
- The domain rank was established more recently than other classification ranks.
- Eukaryotic organisms possess cell nuclei, distinguishing them from archaebacteria.
Important Organism Examples
- Bottlenose dolphin: Eukarya domain, Animalia kingdom, Chordata phylum, Mammalia class, and Tursiops genus.
- Orcinus orca is the binomial name for the orca whale.
Additional Points
- Scientific classification aids in identifying and studying organisms, ensuring the use of consistent terminology globally.
- Understanding taxonomy facilitates knowledge of evolutionary relationships among species.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of the scientific classification system with these flashcards. Explore the hierarchical structure from domain to species as you learn and memorize key terms and their definitions. Ideal for students in biology or related fields!
