Leukocytes: The Body's White Blood Cells
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Leukocytes: The Body's White Blood Cells

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of platelets in the blood?

  • Protecting the body from bacteria and viruses
  • Carrying oxygen to body cells
  • Stopping bleeding by aiding in coagulation (correct)
  • Removing waste from body cells
  • What is the percentage of Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) in blood, as measured by hematocrit?

  • 25%
  • 65%
  • 45% (correct)
  • 85%
  • Why does blood circulate more to the skin when the body is hot?

  • To deliver oxygen and nutrients to the skin cells
  • To protect against bacteria and viruses
  • To aid in the removal of waste from skin cells
  • To help dissipate heat from the body (correct)
  • What gives blood its brighter red color when oxygenated?

    <p>Hemoglobin and its reaction with oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of antibodies in the body?

    <p>They fight antigens perceived as invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood type has both A and B antigens on the erythrocytes?

    <p>Blood type AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Rh antibodies in Rh negative individuals?

    <p>They are created after exposure to Rh positive blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is blood type AB positive considered the universal recipient?

    <p>It can receive blood from any blood type in an emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of erythrocytes?

    <p>Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common plasma protein?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the shortage of RBC stem cells?

    <p>Aplastic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins are known as antibodies or immunoglobulin?

    <p>Gammas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hemopoietic growth factors?

    <p>Stimulate erythrocyte production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thrombopoietin?

    <p>Develop megakaryocytes into platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does hemopoiesis occur?

    <p>Red marrow in bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of reticulocytes in the blood?

    <p>An immature stage of erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is made of 4 proteins and 4 irons?

    <p>Hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a pulse oximeter measure?

    <p>Percent saturation of oxygen in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a higher hematocrit in high elevations?

    <p>Increased blood viscosity from dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of leukocytes in the body?

    <p>Protecting the body from foreign invaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of leukocyte intensifies inflammation like mast cells?

    <p>Basophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B cells?

    <p>Produce antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by too few leukocytes in the body?

    <p>Leukopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of platelets in hemostasis?

    <p>Forming a temporary plug in case of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway of coagulation is caused by internal damage to the wall of a blood vessel?

    <p>Intrinsic pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hematologists define thrombosis?

    <p>Too much clotting, resisting blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is important for clotting?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary cells responsible for cleaning up the body?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of thrombocytosis?

    <p>Too many blood clots causing fatal outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are involved in specific immunity?

    <p>B and T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thromboplastin in the coagulation process?

    <p>Activating more clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Components and Functions

    • Platelets' main function is to help blood clot and stop bleeding when a vessel is injured.
    • Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) make up 45% of blood, as measured by hematocrit.

    Thermoregulation

    • When the body is hot, blood circulates more to the skin to help lose heat.

    Oxygenation

    • Oxygenated blood gets its brighter red color from oxygen binding to hemoglobin.

    Immune System

    • Antibodies help fight infections by recognizing and binding to specific pathogens.
    • Individuals with Rh negative blood may develop Rh antibodies if exposed to Rh positive blood.

    Blood Types

    • Blood type AB has both A and B antigens on the erythrocytes.
    • AB positive blood is considered the universal recipient because it can accept blood from any ABO type.

    Erythrocytes

    • Erythrocytes' main function is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.

    Plasma Proteins

    • Albumin is the most common plasma protein.

    Hemopoiesis

    • A shortage of RBC stem cells can be caused by bone marrow failure or damage.
    • Immunoglobulins are proteins known as antibodies.

    Hemopoietic Growth Factors

    • Hemopoietic growth factors stimulate the production of blood cells.

    Thrombopoietin

    • Thrombopoietin promotes the production of platelets.

    Hemopoiesis Location

    • Hemopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow.

    Reticulocytes

    • Reticulocytes are immature erythrocytes that mature in the bone marrow.

    Hemoglobin

    • Hemoglobin is made up of 4 proteins and 4 irons.

    Pulse Oximetry

    • A pulse oximeter measures the oxygen saturation of the blood.

    High Elevations

    • High elevations can cause a higher hematocrit due to the body's adaptation to lower oxygen levels.

    Leukocytes

    • Leukocytes' main function is to defend the body against infection and disease.
    • Neutrophils and eosinophils, like mast cells, intensify inflammation.

    B Cells

    • B cells' primary function is to produce antibodies to fight infections.

    Leukopenia

    • Leukopenia is a condition characterized by too few leukocytes in the body.

    Hemostasis

    • Platelets play a crucial role in hemostasis by forming a platelet plug to stop bleeding.

    Blood Clotting

    • The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is caused by internal damage to the wall of a blood vessel.
    • Hematologists define thrombosis as the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel.
    • Vitamin K is an important factor for clotting.

    Phagocytosis

    • Neutrophils and macrophages are the primary cells responsible for cleaning up the body.

    Thrombocytosis

    • Thrombocytosis can increase the risk of blood clots.

    Immune Cells

    • B cells and T cells are involved in specific immunity.

    Thromboplastin

    • Thromboplastin helps to activate the clotting cascade in the coagulation process.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about leukocytes, the white blood cells that protect the body. Learn about their characteristics, functions, and types, as well as how they travel in the body and respond to stimuli.

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