LETRS Units 5 - 8 Post Test Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension?

  • Vocabulary is not related to reading comprehension.
  • Vocabulary has no effect on reading comprehension.
  • Vocabulary is the best single predictor of reading comprehension. (correct)
  • Vocabulary only helps with spoken language.

    • What aspect of language was emphasized in teaching the word 'invisible'?

    morphology

    What does the '30-million-word' gap refer to?

    the difference in the number of words heard by preschool children raised in high- and low-language family environments

    The gap in word knowledge automatically decreases by the end of grade 2.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is least likely to narrow the vocabulary gap between language-rich and language-poor students?

    <p>Watching children's television programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy would be the least effective for introducing a Tier 2 vocabulary word?

    <p>Asking students to write the word 10 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many word meanings should teachers aim to teach explicitly and thoroughly per week?

    <p>10-12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practice is most effective for an accurate but slow reader?

    <p>Focus instruction on foundational reading skills that address multiple aspects of language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the vocabulary instruction of English Learners (ELs) be distinguished?

    <p>They may need to learn the meanings of the Tier 1 words in a passage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of words should teachers prioritize before reading a text?

    <p>Words that are central to understanding key meanings in the passage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a primary-grade teacher emphasize in vocabulary instruction?

    <p>Word relationships, including antonyms, synonyms, categories, and semantic families.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior demonstrates cognitive flexibility and metacognition in good readers?

    <p>Stopping and rereading a portion of the text for clarification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might students acquire new knowledge faster from a text?

    <p>When they have well-developed background knowledge on the topic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a valuable first step before reading a text with students?

    <p>Clearly stating the purpose for reading the text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the comprehension process best described in relation to reading?

    <p>Linking the surface code with ideas in the text base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which teaching strategy helps students construct a mental model of a text's meanings?

    <p>Anticipating the takeaways and building background knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What variation do standardized tests of reading comprehension display?

    <p>Varied results depending on the content and format.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique would be least relevant for teaching about frogs and toads?

    <p>Outlining the elements of story grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity helps students identify cohesive ties in a text?

    <p>Having students draw arrows between pronouns and their referents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What text structure organization is suggested by the topic sentence, 'Here are some easy steps for making pancakes'?

    <p>process (time sequence)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sentence is a good example for teaching students to identify compound sentences?

    <p>The rain came but the team played on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criterion best describes a high-quality text for read-alouds?

    <p>It is worth rereading for new meanings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended division of instructional time for word work versus language comprehension?

    <p>About 30-40 minutes on word work during a 90-minute reading lesson.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Strategy instruction is more effective in grades 4 and up than in grades 1-3.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most important follow-up activities for deepening student understanding of a text?

    <p>Retelling or summarizing the text, either orally or in writing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do students with comprehension weaknesses benefit from teacher mediation?

    <p>They typically make fewer, lower-quality inferences on their own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is a key difference between narrative and informational text in terms of appropriateness for classroom libraries in all grades.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should dialect differences in students be handled according to research?

    <p>Explicitly contrasting 'home language' with 'school language' in frequent, brief lessons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a successful way to help an English Learner (EL) who is confused about a reading passage?

    <p>Supplementing the language in the text with pictures, actions, and objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a personal editing checklist include during the editing phase of writing?

    <p>A few specific reminders of skills the student has learned and practiced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is least helpful for encouraging comprehension monitoring?

    <p>Waiting until a reading is completed and then asking students to summarize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topic sentence would be most appropriate for writing an opinion?

    <p>This book about wolves is one of my favorites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the National Assessment of Educational Progress (2007), about how many American students demonstrate 'proficient' or 'advanced' writing skills by grade 8?

    <p>33 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most essential step in preparing students to write a complete narrative?

    <p>Talk out ideas and make notes within a Story Framework.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is writing sometimes called the 'quintessential mental juggling act'?

    <p>It requires more cognitive, motor, and language skills than any other academic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sentence-writing skill is the most challenging for students to learn?

    <p>Writing complex sentences beginning with adverbial phrases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the writing process involves transcribing words into print?

    <p>translating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important reason for teaching good handwriting and spelling systematically?

    <p>Mastery and automaticity enable higher quality compositions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An equal emphasis on learning foundational skills and composition will work best for most students.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sentence-writing skill is the most challenging for students to learn?

    <p>Writing complex sentences beginning with adverbial phrases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most practical way for teachers to assess student progress in writing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension

    • Vocabulary is the strongest predictor of reading comprehension capabilities.
    • Morphology involves breaking down words into parts to understand their meanings.

    Language Exposure and Development

    • The "30-million-word" gap highlights significant discrepancies in language exposure between high- and low-language families.
    • Research indicates that the gap in word knowledge does not automatically decrease after grade 2.

    Vocabulary Instruction

    • Watching children's television programs is the least effective method to close vocabulary gaps.
    • Effective introduction of Tier 2 vocabulary requires more than rote spelling practice.

    Vocabulary Growth Expectations

    • Students need to learn thousands of new words each year; teachers should aim to teach 10-12 words explicitly weekly.

    Reading Comprehension Strategies

    • Accurate, yet slow readers benefit from targeted instruction in foundational reading skills.
    • English Learners (ELs) often need explicit instruction in Tier 1 words to build comprehension.

    Text Analysis and Structure

    • Words that are vital for understanding key meanings should be prioritized during vocabulary selection.
    • Anticipating main takeaways and building background knowledge aid students in constructing mental models.

    Effective Reading Practices

    • Good readers exhibit cognitive flexibility and metacognition by rereading unclear text.
    • Establishing a clear purpose for reading provides a valuable framework before tackling a text.

    Comprehension Processes

    • Comprehension involves connecting superficial text with deeper meaning or ideas.
    • Visual aids can enhance comprehension for English Learners by supplementing textual language.

    Importance of Retelling

    • Retelling or summarizing a text enhances students' understanding and retention of content.

    Addressing Comprehension Weaknesses

    • Active teacher mediation aids comprehension for students who struggle with making quality inferences.

    Supporting Diverse Learners

    • Addressing dialect differences in students involves contrasting "home" and "school" language effectively.
    • Using multimodal strategies can help clarify meanings for English Learners who struggle with traditional texts.

    Writing Skills and Instruction

    • A personal editing checklist should consist of manageable, specific reminders of learned skills.
    • Emphasizing foundational writing skills is essential for effective composition and higher-quality writing outputs.

    Challenges in Writing

    • Students find complex sentence construction, especially with adverbial phrases, particularly challenging.
    • Writing requires a blend of cognitive, motor, and language skills, reflecting its complexity in the academic realm.

    Assessing Writing Progress

    • Comprehensive assessment approaches provide the best insights into student writing progress.

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    Description

    This quiz consists of flashcards covering key concepts from LETRS Units 5 to 8, focusing on vocabulary, reading comprehension, and language structure. Test your understanding of how morphology impacts teaching and learning processes related to literacy. Ideal for educators and students in literacy instruction.

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