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Questions and Answers
What does the existential self refer to?
How does social comparison theory describe self-evaluation?
According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is NOT a component of the self?
What typically results from a mismatch between self-image and ideal self?
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Which type of social comparison is aimed at self-improvement?
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What aspect of self-image relates to physical attributes?
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What is likely a consequence of low self-esteem?
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How do cultural practices influence the self?
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What is the primary focus of the sociological perspective on the self?
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How does the 'looking-glass self' conceptualize the formation of self-image?
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According to Gecas and Burke, what does the self consist of?
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What role does self-esteem play in identity formation?
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Which of the following best describes the implications of the '52 Hertz Whale' story?
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What is one contribution of George Herbert Mead to understanding the self?
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Which statement about identity formation in society and culture is correct?
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The concept of the 'self' emphasizes which of the following aspects?
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Study Notes
Understanding the Self
- Definition of 'self' varies across social sciences, encompassing personal identity and interactions with society.
- Self develops primarily through social interactions, especially mediated by language and symbols that facilitate communication.
Society and Culture's Role
- Society and culture play a crucial role in shaping individual identity, creating a complex interaction in identity formation.
- Social interactions provide feedback that influences feelings of belongingness and self-affirmation.
Notable Examples
- The "52 Hertz Whale" symbolizes the impact of social connection on identity, highlighting feelings of loneliness and belonging.
Contributions of Cooley and Mead
- Charles Cooley's "looking-glass self" illustrates how self-image is influenced by perceived judgments from others.
- George Herbert Mead argues that the development of selfhood is a result of social experiences where society and the individual mutually shape each other.
Key Concepts
- Looking-Glass Self: Self-view shaped by imagined perceptions from others, as proposed by Cooley.
- Cooley emphasizes behavioral adjustments based on social feedback, contributing to self-concept.
Identity Framework by Gecas and Burke
- Identity comprises varied beliefs, experiences, and is shaped by community and societal institutions, acknowledging complex and context-dependent identities.
Anthropological Perspective
- Identity is largely influenced by cultural practices, with individuals shaped by their cultural contexts.
Psychological Perspective on Self-Concept
- Self-concept encompasses an individual's self-perception, beliefs, evaluations, and awareness, as highlighted by Baumeister.
Aspects of Self-Concept
- Existential Self: Awareness of being distinct from others.
- Categorical Self: Understanding oneself through characteristics like age and gender.
Carl Rogers' Components of Self
- Self-Image: Subjective views shaped by inner reflections and external influences.
- Self-Esteem: Reflects self-evaluation and acceptance, impacting confidence.
- Ideal Self: Aspirational self-image, leading to potential incongruence with self-esteem.
Formation of Self-Image
- Influenced by various factors, including physical appearance, social roles, personal traits, and existential reflections.
Social Comparison Theory
- Proposed by Leon Festinger, indicating that individuals assess their worth by comparing themselves to others.
Components of Social Comparison
- Upward Social Comparison: Individuals compare themselves to those they view as superior for self-improvement.
- Downward Social Comparison: Comparing with those worse off to enhance self-esteem.
Application of Social Comparison
- Individuals may evaluate physical and social characteristics against others, affecting self-perception and societal interactions.
Character Association Exercise
- Students explore common character stereotypes and societal roles, promoting self-reflection and understanding of identity dynamics.
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Description
This lesson by Raphael S.Tanseco explores the profound interactions between the self, society, and culture. It highlights how these elements contribute to personal identity formation and the significance of self-esteem in this context. Engage with key concepts to deepen your understanding of social sciences.
