Lesson 13C: Bones Overview

Study Notes

Lesson 13C: Bones

Periosteum: The tough white tissue that covers the bone
Spongy Bone: Hard and rigid bone with empty spaces
Compact Bone: Very hard bone made of circular layers
Bone Marrow: Fills the hollow region at the center of the bone. Two types:
- Red bone marrow: Makes blood cells
- Yellow bone marrow: Primarily made of fat
Cartilage: A type of connective tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone
Growth Plates: Areas on the body where cartilage can be found. These are needed for bone growth
Joints: The place where two or more bones meet. There are two types:
- Ligaments: Tough, flexible bands of connective tissue that hold bones together at a joint, allowing movement in one or more directions
- Movable joints: Allow movement in numerous directions
- Immovable joints: Bones are permanently fused together and prevent any movement (e.g., the skull)
Examples of Immovable/Movable Joints:
- Immovable: Skull
- Movable: Shoulder, knee and wrist.
Functions of the Skeletal System:
- Support and movement
- Protection
- Mineral storage
  - Calcium: mineral that gives bones hardness and rigidity
- Blood cell production: Red bone marrow produces red blood cells.

Axial Skeleton

The central part of the skeleton, it contains the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

Appendicular Skeleton

The part of the skeleton including the bones in the arms, legs, pelvic, and pectoral girdles.

Description

This quiz explores key concepts related to bones, including the structure and function of periosteum, spongy bone, and compact bone. Additionally, it covers the importance of bone marrow, cartilage, and different types of joints. Test your understanding of these fundamental components of the skeletal system!