Lesson 1.1 The Big Bang Theory Recap Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was the initial composition of the universe shortly after the Big Bang?

  • Mostly hydrogen and helium
  • Mostly dark matter and dark energy
  • Mostly protons, neutrons, and electrons (correct)
  • Mostly heavier elements like carbon and oxygen

    • What process led to the formation of the elements present in the current universe?

  • Radioactive decay
  • Nuclear fission
  • Stellar evolution
  • Nucleosynthesis (correct)

    • What happened to deuterium after the decoupling of matter and radiation?

  • It remained stable and abundant
  • It was completely destroyed
  • It was converted into heavier elements
  • It was quickly formed and then dissociated (correct)

    • What was the role of gravitational force after the decoupling of matter and radiation?

    <p>It caused matter to be subject only to gravitational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the discovery that led to the acceptance of Gamow's hypothesis as the Big Bang Theory?

    <p>The discovery of primordial helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the radiation observed being independent of direction?

    <p>It supported the idea of a uniform and isotropic universe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of matter according to the text?

    <p>Hydrogen and helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process led to the formation of the first generation of stars?

    <p>Contraction under gravity and fusion reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net reaction that forms $^{12}$C from three $^{4}$He nuclei?

    <p>$^{4}$He + $^{4}$He + $^{4}$He $\rightarrow$ $^{12}$C + $\gamma$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the fuel is exhausted in a star?

    <p>Contraction sets in, increasing the temperature for other fusion reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are elements beyond iron (A=56) produced?

    <p>Through the neutron-capture process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stable product of the neutron capture process starting from $^{56}$Fe?

    <p>$^{60}$Ni</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Edwin Hubble prove using the 2.5-m telescope at California's Mt. Wilson Observatory?

    <p>That the nebulae were distant galaxies containing millions to billions of stars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did George Gamow hypothesize regarding the origin of the universe?

    <p>That the universe was created from a dense, singular point in an event called the Big Bang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first piece of evidence that supported Gamow's Big Bang hypothesis?

    <p>The observation that galaxies are moving away from each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the second piece of evidence that supported Gamow's Big Bang hypothesis?

    <p>The detection of cosmic background radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the Big Bang theory?

    <p>The theory states that the universe was created from a dense, singular point and has been expanding ever since</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered evidence for the Big Bang theory?

    <p>The discovery of the first quasar</p> Signup and view all the answers

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