Legal Terminology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a case commenced by a claimant against a defendant in a civil court?

  • bona fide
  • attestation clause
  • common law
  • action (correct)

What does the term 'bona fide' mean in legal terminology?

  • Stable, lucid, sane
  • Sincere, in good faith (correct)
  • In reality
  • A record of discussions

What is a 'conflict of interest' in legal practice?

  • A situation where one can act for both parties (correct)
  • A record of client interactions
  • The principle of confidentiality
  • The ability to manage multiple cases

What does the term 'chambers' refer to in legal practice?

<p>Offices used by a barrister (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines 'civil procedure rules'?

<p>Rules that govern actions in civil courts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who qualifies as a 'chartered legal executive'?

<p>A Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Legal Executives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'compos mentis' mean in legal terms?

<p>Of sound mind (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'de facto' imply?

<p>In reality, actually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does judicial precedent play in the legal system?

<p>It allows previous case decisions to inform future cases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of law reports in relation to judicial precedent?

<p>To ensure past decisions are accurately recorded for reference. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'in absentia' refer to in legal contexts?

<p>Proceedings conducted without one party present. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes 'delegated legislation'?

<p>Legislation passed by Parliament that allows others to change the law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a draft and engrossment in legal documents?

<p>Drafts are preliminary documents; engrossments include agreed changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does an endorsement serve in legal documents?

<p>It indicates the type of document and relevant parties involved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'ex officio' in legal terminology?

<p>Powers or duties that are held by virtue of one's office. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hatching plans' refer to in legal documentation?

<p>Visual representations of areas marked for legal actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a precedent in law?

<p>To serve as a model for future cases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which entity oversees the public funding of legal services in the UK?

<p>The Legal Aid Agency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'obiter dicta' refer to in legal terms?

<p>Comments made by a judge that are not binding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of The Law Society?

<p>To determine solicitor qualifications and represent solicitors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'stare decisis' imply?

<p>To let the decision stand and not unsettle established law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines 'pro bono' work?

<p>Legal services provided without charge to benefit the public (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a solicitor advocate from a traditional solicitor?

<p>A solicitor advocate possesses additional qualification for rights of audience in higher courts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ratio decidendi' refer to?

<p>The primary reason for the decision reached in a case (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of an Annual General Meeting (AGM)?

<p>To allow shareholders to approve financial accounts and directors' reports. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the Annual Return submitted to the Registrar of Companies?

<p>Details of the company, including share capital and directors' addresses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Articles of Association define for a company?

<p>The company's aims, name, registered address, and share capital. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a registered company do with its Company Accounts?

<p>File them with the Registrar of Companies within a specified period. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Company Seal?

<p>It serves as a signature for legal documents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who typically holds the position of Company Secretary?

<p>An accountant or lawyer with specific legal obligations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a Public Limited Company (plc)?

<p>Its shares can be sold on the Stock Market to the public. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Competition Commission?

<p>To ensure healthy competition and conduct investigations into mergers and markets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about shares is true?

<p>The value of a company is divided into shares held by shareholders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically characterizes the information filed in Company Accounts?

<p>It becomes available for public inspection once submitted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Registrar of Companies?

<p>To oversee the incorporation and registration of new companies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What liability do sole traders have in relation to their business debts?

<p>Full personal liability for all business debts incurred. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shares might offer a fixed dividend rate to investors?

<p>Preference shares (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a director in a company?

<p>To determine and implement the company's policy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a dividend?

<p>A payment representing a portion of after-tax profits paid to shareholders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) from an Annual General Meeting (AGM)?

<p>An EGM addresses urgent matters that cannot wait until the AGM. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'intellectual property' entail?

<p>The ownership of ideas and the rights protecting them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)?

<p>It is a type of business entity that protects individual partners from each other's negligence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Memorandum of Association?

<p>To regulate the relationship of the company with external parties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an invitation to treat?

<p>An invitation for customers to make an offer to purchase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the liquidation process of a company?

<p>The company's assets are divided among its stakeholders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

action (law)

A civil court case started by a claimant against a defendant.

ad hoc

For a specific purpose.

attendance note

Record of client interview, including discussion and time.

attestation clause

A statement confirming a document's signing.

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bona fide

Sincere, honest, and genuine.

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conflict of interest

A situation where a solicitor's duty to one client conflicts with another.

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civil procedure rules

Rules for actions in civil courts, including time management.

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common law

Laws based on court decisions, not statutes.

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Delegated Legislation

Laws made by other people or organizations rather than Parliament, authorized by an enabling Act.

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Disclosure of Documents

Required sharing of documents related to a legal action by involved parties.

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Engrossment

The final, error-free version of a document, ready for signing.

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Execution

The process of signing a legally binding document.

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Judicial Precedent

Using principles established in previous legal cases to guide decisions in new similar cases.

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Law Reports

Records of judicial decisions to allow studying legal precedents.

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Draft

An initial version of a document that may be revised.

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In Absentia

While absent from a place or event.

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Legal Aid Agency

Oversees public funding of legal services for cases based on merit, means, and other criteria

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Solicitor

Qualified legal professional authorized by The Law Society through study & exams.

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Ratio Decidendi

Reason for a court's decision, forming precedent for future cases.

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Obiter Dicta

Judge's comments (Not the deciding factor) in court judgements; not binding in future cases.

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Precedent

Earlier decision used as a model for legal cases; guides future rulings.

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Pro Bono

Legal work done without payment, for public interest reasons.

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Matter

Legal cases that aren't formal actions, like matrimonial cases.

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Non Sequitur

A statement that does not logically follow or relate to the previous statement.

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Limited Liability

A legal structure where shareholders are only responsible for the amount they invested in a company, not personal assets.

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Public Limited Company (plc)

A company that can sell its shares to the public on the stock market, meaning anyone can invest.

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Shares

Units representing ownership in a company, giving the shareholder a portion of profits and voting rights.

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Sole Trader

A business owned and run by one person who is personally liable for all debts.

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Registrar of Companies

A government organization that records and regulates company information, including registration and incorporation.

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Contract

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties that is enforceable in court.

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Director

A person responsible for overseeing a company's policies and decisions, elected by shareholders.

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Dividend

A payment made to shareholders from a company's profits, a reward for investing.

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Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM)

A special meeting called by a company to address urgent or specific business matters.

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Intellectual Property

Protection for original creations like inventions, designs, and trademarks.

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Invitation to Treat

An invitation to negotiate or make an offer, not a binding offer itself.

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Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

A business structure where partners' liability is limited to their investment.

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Liquidation

The process of shutting down a company and distributing its assets to creditors.

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Annual General Meeting (AGM)

A yearly meeting where shareholders of a limited company discuss and approve important matters like financial reports, dividends, and director appointments.

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Annual Return

A document filed with the Registrar of Companies every year, providing details about the company, its shareholders, and its finances.

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Articles of Association

A crucial document outlining the company's goals, structure, and legal framework.

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Company Accounts

Financial records of a company's transactions, which must be filed with the Registrar of Companies.

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Company Seal

A formal symbol used by a company to authenticate documents, often a red wafer seal.

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Company Secretary

A legal and financial expert responsible for ensuring the company complies with regulations.

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Competition Commission

An independent body that promotes fair competition between companies within the UK for the benefit of consumers.

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What is the purpose of the Competition Commission?

The Competition Commission is an independent public body which helps to ensure healthy competition between companies in the UK for the ultimate benefit of consumers and the economy. It conducts in-depth investigations into mergers and markets and also has certain functions with regard to the major regulated industries.

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Study Notes

  • Legal terminology applies to all areas of legal practice, but some areas have more specific terminology.
  • Action: A civil court case started by a claimant against a defendant using a Claim Form.
  • Ad hoc: Latin for "for this purpose".
  • Attendance note: A record of discussions and decisions during a client interview, also tracking time spent.
  • Attestation clause: A clause in a document confirming a party's execution, one clause per party.
  • Barrister: Qualified lawyer specializing in a particular area of law, providing advice and representing clients in court, usually through solicitors.
  • Bona fide: Latin for "in good faith" or "with sincerity".
  • Chambers: Offices used by barristers.
  • Chartered legal executive (FCILEx): A Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Legal Executives with at least three years' experience in a legal setting. They perform duties similar to solicitors (e.g., wills, property transfers).
  • CILEX: The Chartered Institute of Legal Executives, an awarding body providing qualifications including the Legal Secretaries' Certificate.

Civil Procedure Rules

  • Rules governing civil court actions, ensuring cases proceed without delay.

Common Law

  • Legal principles developed by judges during Henry II's reign based on common local laws.

Compos Mentis

  • Latin for "sound mind" or "stable".

Confidentiality

  • Important aspect of legal practice; client details must not be disclosed without permission.

Conflict of Interest

  • A solicitor cannot represent both sides of a case due to potential conflicts.

De Facto

  • Latin for "in reality" or "actually".

Delegated Legislation

  • Parliament empowers other bodies to create laws (e.g., local bylaws).

Disclosure of Documents

  • Parties must share relevant documents related to an action.

Draft

  • Initial working documents subject to review and revision.

DX (Document Exchange)

  • Private postal system for transferring documents between solicitors, associated services, and courts.

Endorsement

  • A document's backsheet detailing document type and key information.

Engrossment

  • Final version of a document with agreed changes, ready to be signed.

Execution

  • Signing of a document by parties and witnesses.

Ex Officio

  • Latin for "by virtue of office"

Fee Earner

  • Someone who earns fees for the firm (e.g., solicitor, trainee, clerk).

Hatching Plans

  • Documents showing land portions, often marked with diagonal lines or coloring.

In Absentia

  • Latin phrase for "while absent".

In Situ

  • Latin for "in its place."

Judicial Precedent (Case Law)

  • Previous court decisions used as guidance by the courts.

Law Reports

  • Recorded reports of important legal cases, helping understand past decisions.

Law Society

  • Representative body for solicitors, determining qualification standards.
  • Legal aid funding criteria including a merit test, means test.

Matter

  • (Non-Action) Proceedings other than actions, like matrimonial issues.

Non Sequitur

  • Latin for "does not follow".

Obiter Dicta

  • Judge's comments that aren't binding precedents, but may be considered important.

Per Diem

  • Latin for "daily".

Per Se

  • Latin for taken alone, in itself.

Precedent

  • A case or decision used as an example for future cases.

Pro Bono

  • Latin for "for the public interest" (without charging).

Pro Forma

  • Latin for "as a formality".

Pro Rata

  • Latin for "in proportion."

Ratio Decidendi

  • Latin for "reason for deciding", the legal rule in a court decision.

Rights of Audience

  • A lawyer's right to present a case in court.

Sewing

  • A method of securing pages in a document (using tape or thread).

Solicitor

  • Someone trained and qualified in law, managing legal affairs and advocating in court.

Solicitor Advocate

  • A qualified solicitor with advocacy rights in specific courts.

Stare Decisis

  • Latin for "let the decision stand".

Status Quo

  • Latin for "the current state of affairs".

Statute

  • An act of parliament (law).

Testimonium Clause

  • Authenticating clause in a document, typically stating who signed and when.

Time Recording

  • Accurate record-keeping of fee earners' time spent on client cases for billing purposes.

Ultra Vires

  • Latin for "beyond the powers."

Verbatim

  • Latin for "word for word".

Versus

  • Latin for "against."

Vice Versa

  • Latin for "the order being reversed."

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Description

Test your understanding of essential legal terminology in various areas of law. This quiz covers definitions and applications of terms such as 'barrister', 'bona fide', and 'attendance note'. Perfect for students and professionals seeking to enhance their legal vocabulary.

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