Legal Principles and Terms Quiz

Legal Principles and Terms

• Year and a Day Rule: A legal principle stating that a defendant cannot be held liable for murder if the victim survives more than a year and a day after the harmful act.
• Oakes Test: A test used to assess if a Charter right can be limited. The limit must be significant and have demonstrably reasonable means of achieving the goal.
• Undertaking: A promise or agreement to perform an action.
• Class Action: A lawsuit filed by one party representing multiple individuals with similar claims.
• Affidavit: A written statement containing evidence sworn or affirmed to be true before a commissioner of oaths.
• Negligence: Actions taken without intent to harm but where a reasonably prudent person would anticipate potential harm.
• Tort: A wrongful act (other than breach of contract) causing injury to a person or property, permitting compensation.
• Hearsay: Evidence recounting what a witness heard from others.
• In Escrow: Holding financial assets or legal documents by a third party pending specified conditions being met.
• Damages: Financial compensation awarded by a court for harm caused.
• Encumbrances: Liabilities like claims, mortgages, or liens attached to property.
• Fiduciary: A person legally obligated to act with utmost honesty and loyalty for the benefit of another.

Legal Actions and Processes

• Ratification: Confirmation of agreement to abide by an international agreement.
• Owner's Equity: The difference between a property's value and its debts.
• Monetary Retainer: Prepayment for future legal services.
• Testimony: Oral evidence provided by a witness.
• Harassment: Vexatious actions or speech towards an individual based on prohibited grounds.
• Exhibit: A physical piece of evidence submitted to a court.
• Tenants in Common: Ownership where each owner's share passes to their heir on death.
• Remedy: Legal actions taken by an authority to correct an injustice, punish wrongdoing, or compensate.
• Unsympathetic Witness: A witness whose testimony favors the opposing side.
• Tribunal: A non-court agency that resolves disputes.
• Holdback: Deducted funds held by the payer, often in construction contracts.
• Bail: Temporary release of an accused, contingent on a guarantee to appear in court.
• Easement: A right to use another person's land.
• Creditor: A person owed money.
• Acquittal: A formal finding of not guilty.
• Uphold: An appellate court agreeing with a lower court's decision.
• Subpoena: A command by a court for a witness to attend and testify.
• Embezzlement: Stealing from an employer or misappropriating entrusted assets.
• Title: Legal ownership and possession of property.
• Habeas Corpus: A legal order to determine lawful imprisonment.
• Engagement Letter: A contract defining a business relationship.
• Treason: Betrayal of one's country.
• Remand: Sending a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Unconscionable: Referring to a contract that is too unfair for a reasonable person to agree to.
• Third Party Reporting: Reporting a crime by someone other than the victim.
• Hung Jury: A jury unable to reach a unanimous verdict.
• Indictment: A formal list of criminal charges.
• Sheriff: A justice system official managing courtroom security.
• Appeal: A higher court reviewing a lower court's decision.
• Litigation: Formal legal action to resolve disputes.
• Libel: A written statement damaging someone's reputation.
• Trafficking: Selling, giving, transporting, or distributing controlled substances.
• Homicide: Killing another person, directly or indirectly.
• Extradition: Surrendering an accused to another jurisdiction.
• Recidivism: Re-offending after release from prison.
• Entrapment: Illegally inducing a person to commit a crime.
• Rebut: To contradict opposing evidence.
• Exculpatory Evidence: Evidence proving innocence.
• Abetting: Encouraging someone to commit a crime.
• Liability: Legal responsibility for wrongful actions.
• Lien: A right to hold another's property as payment for a debt.
• Young Offender: A person aged 12-18 found breaking a criminal law.
• Interveners: Third-party participants in legal proceedings.
• Slander: An oral statement harming someone's reputation.

Test your knowledge on various legal principles and terms, including the Year and a Day Rule, Oakes Test, and concepts like negligence and tort. This quiz covers fundamental legal vocabulary and their implications in law. Perfect for students and legal enthusiasts alike!