Legal Concepts and Rights Overview

<p>It must be for a serious (indictable) crime (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assert the right to appear in court if detained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A minor crime subject to civil penalties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applies to ages 12-17 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mistake of fact involves incorrect information, while mistake of law involves misunderstanding a rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mental intent to commit a crime. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You cannot be charged twice for the same crime. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not a defense for murder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The act of reoffending after a previous conviction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25 years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An assessment made before sentencing by a probation officer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person who can be jailed indefinitely due to the severe nature of their crimes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows the government to pass laws contrary to the Charter for five years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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A legal defense where someone breaks the law in an emergency situation to protect themselves or others.

The right of a person who has been arrested to go before a judge to determine if the arrest was lawful.

The document that outlines the powers of the federal, provincial, and municipal governments in Canada.

A legal defense that argues the accused was not criminally responsible because they were not in control of their actions due to a mental disorder.

The accused must have a guilty mind (mens rea) for them to be found guilty of a crime. In automatism, the accused lacks this guilty mind, so they are usually not considered criminally responsible.

An offense where the accused can defend themselves by proving they were not negligent.

The accused must prove they were drunk and unable to form the intent to commit the crime. This defense is not always successful.

A type of discrimination that is blatant and obvious, directly targeting a person or group based on protected grounds.

This legal concept states that an individual cannot be tried twice for the same crime. This means that if someone is acquitted or convicted of a crime, they cannot be tried again for the same offense.

A dangerous offender is a person who has been convicted of a serious crime and is deemed to pose a significant risk to public safety. They can be sentenced to an indefinite period of imprisonment, meaning they can be kept in prison beyond their initial sentence.

A pre-sentence report is a document prepared by a probation officer that provides the court with information about the offender and their background. This information helps the judge make a fair and informed sentencing decision.

The mental element of a crime, referring to the accused's intention or knowledge when committing the offense. To prove a crime, the prosecution must demonstrate both mens rea and actus reus (the physical act).

The concept of provocation is not a defense for murder in Canadian law. This means that if someone is provoked into committing murder, they cannot use this as an excuse to avoid responsibility.

This clause in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms allows the government to override certain Charter rights for a period of five years. It's controversial because it can limit fundamental freedoms.

This legal term describes the situation where an act is beyond the legal power of a government or organization. It means that the act is illegal and invalid.

The word 'intra vires' is used in law to refer to an action that is within the scope of a government's or organization's power. This means that the act is lawful and valid.