CRJS 370 Unit #5
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Questions and Answers

What was Robert Martinson's initial conclusion regarding the efficacy of treatment programs?

  • Nothing works (correct)
  • Some treatment programs have a modest success rate
  • Treatment programs have negative consequences for participants
  • All treatment programs are effective

    • Why did correctional workers and treatment providers take issue with Robert Martinson's initial conclusion?

  • They believed all treatment programs have a modest success rate
  • They thought that youth identified as having serious risk profiles do not benefit from treatment
  • They disagreed with the negative consequences highlighted by Martinson
  • They found flaws in Martinson's research and disagreed with his conclusion (correct)

    • Why might short sentences be ineffective in affecting change, especially in youth with serious risk profiles?

  • Youth with serious risk profiles are resistant to change
  • Institutional settings are not conducive to change
  • Short sentences allow limited time for intervention (correct)
  • Youth with serious risk profiles require long-term programs

    • What did Robert Martinson find upon re-examining his earlier work?

    <p>Some programs have a modest success rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may some correctional programs for youth not have the intended positive effects?

    <p>Institutional settings may not be conducive to rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth rehabilitation, what was one of the most significant findings of Robert Martinson's re-examination?

    <p>Some programs have negative consequences for participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of multisystemic therapy (MST)?

    <p>Addressing both the young offender and family members in need of intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what setting are interventions under multisystemic therapy (MST) primarily delivered?

    <p>Family homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is multisystemic therapy (MST) designed to be intense and of short duration?

    <p>Acknowledging that social interventions cannot last forever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of behaviours does multisystemic therapy (MST) aim to address?

    <p>Substance abuse, assaultive behaviors, and antisocial values among others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the typical intervention period last in multisystemic therapy (MST)?

    <p>One to four months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes multisystemic therapy (MST) from other programs designed for delivery in the community?

    <p>Exclusive focus on the youth offender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of open custody according to the provided text?

    <p>A form of youth custody with fewer restrictions on movement than secure custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of presumptive offence under the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)?

    <p>A serious violent offense or any violent offense with potential prison sentence over two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of multisystemic therapy as explained in the text?

    <p>Family-centered therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>To hold accused youth in detention prior to court appearances or trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes reconciliation in the context of youth justice principles?

    <p>Conflict resolution involving all affected parties after a crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the core belief behind rehabilitation programs for youth as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Appropriate treatment programs can reform or change an individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of open custody under the YOA?

    <p>Allowing more freedom compared to secure custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what is the purpose of pretrial detention?

    <p>To hold the accused prior to court proceedings or trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a presumptive offence under the YCJA?

    <p>It involves offenses that may result in a prison term over two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is multisystemic therapy (MST) considered different from traditional rehabilitative programs?

    <p>It emphasizes the involvement of the entire family in the therapy process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>It holds an accused person until court appearance or trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of rehabilitation programs for youth as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Reforming individual pathologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main point of Robert Martinson's initial conclusion on the efficacy of treatment programs for youth?

    <p>Treatment programs have negative consequences for participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an institutional setting be considered unsuitable for youth rehabilitation according to the text?

    <p>The environment does not allow for therapy and training combinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Martinson's critics report after he re-examined his work on the efficacy of treatment programs?

    <p>His initial 'nothing works' conclusion was retracted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might short sentences be particularly ineffective in affecting change in youth identified with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Short sentences do not allow sufficient time for change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the major finding highlighted by Robert Martinson during his re-examination of treatment program effectiveness?

    <p>Some programs have negative consequences for participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did some treatment advocates disagree with Robert Martinson's initial conclusion on the effectiveness of treatment programs?

    <p>'Nothing works' was too pessimistic and not fully accurate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes multisystemic therapy (MST) in terms of service delivery model?

    <p>MST is based on a family preservation service delivery model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is multisystemic therapy (MST) designed to be intense and of short duration according to the text?

    <p>To facilitate quick results in addressing problem behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what setting are interventions under multisystemic therapy (MST) primarily delivered?

    <p>Family homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of youth behavior does MST focus on addressing?

    <p>Non-compliance with family rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of multisystemic therapy (MST) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To prevent delinquency by delivering effective interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does multisystemic therapy (MST) directly address the fact that social interventions cannot last forever?

    <p>To address the reality of limited resources available for interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of multisystemic therapy (MST) according to the text?

    <p>Working on problem behaviors with the young offender and family members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does multisystemic therapy (MST) differ from traditional intervention programs?

    <p>It employs intense, short-term interventions involving family members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the delivery model of multisystemic therapy (MST) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Intervention takes place in the family home for a short duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an institutional setting be considered unsuitable for youth rehabilitation based on the text?

    <p>Youth often form delinquent peer groups in institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes pretrial detention in the context of youth justice according to the content?

    <p>It is applied before a youth's trial or court appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of sentencing youth to provincial correctional facilities as per the text?

    <p>To offer a structured environment for rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of open custody under the YOA?

    <p>Ensuring the security and well-being of youth offenders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what characterizes pretrial detention?

    <p>Holding accused individuals in prison while awaiting court proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes provincial correctional facilities from federal penitentiaries for youth offenders?

    <p>Provincial facilities focus more on rehabilitation, while federal penitentiaries focus on punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>To provide a safe environment for youth to await court proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does open custody under the YOA differ from secure custody?

    <p>Open custody provides fewer restrictions on movement compared to secure custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the sentencing of youth to federal penitentiaries rather than provincial facilities?

    <p>Youth sentenced to federal penitentiaries have committed more serious crimes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the significant findings from Robert Martinson's re-examination of the effectiveness of treatment programs?

    <p>Some programs had negative consequences for participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might short sentences be insufficient in affecting change, especially in youth with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Short sentences do not provide enough time to bring about change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental issue is highlighted regarding the use of an institutional setting for rehabilitation?

    <p>Institutional settings may not be conducive to rehabilitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might some programs not achieve the intended positive effects as mentioned in the text?

    <p>There are many reasons why programs may not have the positive effects intended.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why short sentences can be ineffective in affecting change, particularly for youth identified with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Short sentences do not allow sufficient time for change in youth with serious risk profiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a potential issue with setting short sentences for youth with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Limited time under short sentences may not be enough for change in youth with serious risk profiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of youth custody under the YOA allows for fewer restrictions on movement compared to secure custody?

    <p>Open custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between provincial correctional facilities and federal penitentiaries for youth offenders?

    <p>Security level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what term refers to the holding of an accused person prior to a court appearance or trial?

    <p>Pretrial detention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a form of rehabilitative integration that focuses on the entire family, not just the individual?

    <p>Multisystemic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the YCJA, what characterizes a presumptive offence?

    <p>Violent offense with potential prison term over two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>Holding accused individuals before trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Martinson's critics report after he re-examined his earlier work on the effectiveness of treatment programs?

    <p>That he retracted his initial 'nothing works' conclusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes pretrial detention in the context of youth justice according to the content?

    <p>It is meant to ensure the appearance of the accused at trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an institutional setting be considered unsuitable for youth rehabilitation based on the text?

    <p>It may lead to negative consequences for participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes reconciliation in the context of youth justice principles?

    <p>Rebuilding trust between youth offenders and their families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Robert Martinson's initial conclusion regarding the efficacy of treatment programs for youth?

    <p>'Nothing works' for any type of treatment program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of sentencing youth to provincial correctional facilities as per the text?

    <p>To allow for intensive therapy and training programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for multisystemic therapy (MST) being designed to be of short duration?

    <p>To intensify the impact of the intervention on the youth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what distinguishes provincial correctional facilities from federal penitentiaries?

    <p>The severity of offenses that lead to placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the purpose of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>To ensure public safety while awaiting trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature that sets apart pretrial detention from other forms of youth sentencing?

    <p>The absence of rehabilitation opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might an institutional setting be perceived as unsuitable for youth rehabilitation according to the text?

    <p>Due to the lack of integration with family-focused interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes sentencing youth to provincial correctional facilities from federal penitentiaries?

    <p>The types of offenses committed by youth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes open custody from secure custody under the YOA in terms of movement restrictions?

    <p>Open custody allows for fewer restrictions on movement compared to secure custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what characterizes a presumptive offence under the YCJA with respect to prison sentences?

    <p>A presumptive offence results in a prison sentence of more than two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets pretrial detention apart from other forms of youth sentencing in terms of timing?

    <p>Pretrial detention precedes sentencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates provincial correctional facilities from federal penitentiaries for youth offenders with regards to jurisdiction?

    <p>Provincial correctional facilities are for youth offenders, while federal penitentiaries are for adult offenders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice concerning legal proceedings?

    <p>Pretrial detention is mandatory before any legal proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'rehabilitative integration' refer to in the context of multisystemic therapy?

    <p>Centering treatment efforts on the entire family unit, not just the individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary issue raised concerning the efficacy of rehabilitative interventions by Robert Martinson?

    <p>Some programs have negative consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might short sentences be considered problematic in affecting change for youth with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Short sentences provide limited time for change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key findings from Robert Martinson's re-examination regarding the effectiveness of treatment programs?

    <p>Some programs have modest success rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might institutional settings be perceived as unsuitable for youth rehabilitation according to the text?

    <p>Institutional settings may not be conducive to rehabilitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the most significant aspect of Robert Martinson's revised conclusion regarding treatment program efficacy?

    <p>Some programs have a modest success rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common concern is highlighted in the text regarding the impact of short sentences on youth with serious risk profiles?

    <p>Short sentences often result in negative consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinguishing feature of multisystemic therapy (MST) compared to other intervention programs?

    <p>The short duration of the intense interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of youth justice, what is the primary goal of pretrial detention?

    <p>To hold the accused prior to court appearance or trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes provincial correctional facilities from federal penitentiaries for youth offenders?

    <p>The types of offences that lead youth to be sentenced to each facility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might short sentences be particularly ineffective in affecting change in youth with serious risk profiles?

    <p>They do not offer sufficient time for meaningful impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the purpose of pretrial detention in the context of youth justice?

    <p>To hold accused individuals before trial or court appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of behaviours does multisystemic therapy (MST) primarily aim to address?

    <p>Substance abuse, non-compliance with rules, and antisocial values among others</p> Signup and view all the answers

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