Lecture 26: Theodolite Traversing
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a theodolite?

  • Measuring distances accurately
  • Measuring angles in horizontal and vertical planes (correct)
  • Measuring time accurately
  • Measuring elevations of mountains

What is the maximum range of accurate measurement a theodolite can achieve?

  • 10 arc seconds
  • 30 degrees
  • 20 arc seconds (correct)
  • 60 degrees

Which type of theodolite is mounted within one of the standards with a full 360° scale?

  • Transit theodolite (correct)
  • Non-transit theodolite
  • Vernier Theodolite
  • None of the above

What is the function of the vertical circle in a theodolite?

<p>Measure vertical angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of eliminating parallax in a theodolite's telescope?

<p>To reduce errors in angle measurements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from measuring deflection angles, what other use does a theodolite have?

<p>Finding magnetic north direction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to hold the telescope at a particular vertical angle?

<p>Vertical tangent screw (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component must be leveled before using the instrument?

<p>Upper plate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to center the instrument exactly over a station mark?

<p>Plumb bob (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the instrument houses the foot screws and the bearing for the vertical axis?

<p>Lower plate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used for levelling particularly when taking vertical angle observations?

<p>Altitude level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is used to define the horizontal direction in which the telescope is sighted?

<p>Index bar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used during a sequence or 'round' of horizontal angle measurements?

<p>Upper horizontal clamp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to gradually rotate the horizontal circle when it is clamped?

<p>Lower horizontal tangent screw (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is placed on the upper plate and known as the plate bubble?

<p>T-frame (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What carries two Vernier at its extremities and forms part of T-frame?

<p>Index bar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transiting in theodolite usage?

<p>Change the face of the instrument (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'face left' refer to in the context of theodolite operation?

<p>Vertical circle on the left of the observer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the axis of the telescope in theodolite terminology?

<p>Imaginary line through optical center of object glass and eyepiece (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'changing face' in the context of theodolite operation?

<p>Bringing the vertical circle from one side to the other (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'centering' in theodolite usage?

<p>Setting the instrument exactly over a marked station (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'face right' signify when using a theodolite?

<p>Vertical circle on the right of the observer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In theodolite operation, what is temporary adjustment primarily focused on?

<p>Centering, leveling, and focusing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'swinging the telescope' related to in a theodolite?

<p>Turning telescope in a horizontal plane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a theodolite, what action results from 'line of collimation'?

<p>Imaginary line passing through optical center of objective glass and its continuation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vertical axis' represent in a theodolite equipment?

<p>Axis of rotation in vertical plane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recorded in column 4 of Gale's Traverse Table?

<p>Angles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition needs to be satisfied by the sum of all interior angles during traverse adjustments?

<p>Equal to (2n - 4) right angles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the sum of all exterior angles during the traverse does not meet the geometric conditions?

<p>Adjust the discrepancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are corrections applied during traverse adjustments?

<p>By applying corrections to angles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What calculation is made to find the closing error in a traverse?

<p>Summing up latitudes and departures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rule can be applied to calculate corrections during traverse adjustments?

<p>Bowditch's rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are corrections distributed to all sides of a traverse in graphical balancing?

<p>Proportional to their length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line drawn from Po to P' represent in graphical balancing?

<p>'P' station correction point (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Qo Qa, Ro Ra, So Sa, and To Ta' represent what in graphical balancing corrections?

<p>'Qo, Ro, So, and To' station correction points (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Pa Qa Ra Sa Ta' provide what in graphical balancing of a traverse?

<p>'Qa, Ra, Sa, and Ta' station coordinates after correction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the method of reiteration, what is done to ensure the sum of the measured angles is 360º?

<p>Unlocking upper clamp and bisecting signals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a traverse in surveying?

<p>Measuring horizontal control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are vertical angles measured in surveying?

<p>By leveling the telescope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the levelling process described for a theodolite?

<p>To ensure accurate horizontal sight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to measure a horizontal angle to a finer degree of accuracy?

<p>Method of repetition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does sighting a signal at P with zero reading on Vernier A indicate in surveying?

<p>The start of a reiteration method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the sum of interior angles for a traverse?

<p>(2n-4) x 900 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What operation is performed to adjust the closing error in a closed traverse?

<p>Balancing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used for balancing a traverse when angular measurements are more precise than linear measurements?

<p>Transit rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition that must be satisfied in a closed traverse regarding departures and latitudes?

<p>$\Sigma D = 0$, $\Sigma L = 0$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a line represents the north-south direction?

<p>Latitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'closing error' refer to in a closed traverse?

<p>Distance between two computed positions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction is the total error in departure and latitude distributed in Bowditch's method?

<p>Proportionate to line length (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What value must $ ext{Σ DT}$ and $ ext{Σ LT}$ satisfy for the transit rule method of balancing a traverse?

<p>$0$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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