Lecture 1 - Mirror Neurons Overview
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of neurons recorded by Kohler et al. (2002) discharged both during hand actions and when hearing action-related sounds?

  • 22%
  • 13% (correct)
  • 5%
  • 37%
  • Which research indicated that some mirror neurons respond to the sound of specific actions rather than just visual stimuli?

  • Rizzolatti & Craighero (2004)
  • Kohler et al. (2002) (correct)
  • Umilta et al. (2002)
  • All of the above
  • How many neurons out of 220 recorded by Umilta et al. (2002) were classified as mirror neurons?

  • 63
  • 103 (correct)
  • 497
  • 220
  • Which of the following findings is NOT associated with the work of Rizzolatti & Craighero (2004) regarding mirror neurons?

    <p>Mirror neurons are exclusively visual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the hidden condition in Umilta et al. (2002) demonstrate about mirror neurons?

    <p>Mirror neurons can respond without direct visual observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mirror neurons as suggested in research?

    <p>Understanding the actions of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region was first identified for mirror neurons in macaques?

    <p>F5 area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many empirical papers have reported mirror neurons or MN-like neurons in macaques?

    <p>25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of neurons recorded in area F5 showed mirror properties?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mirror neurons did Rizzolatti et al. describe as responding to similar observed actions?

    <p>Broadly congruent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the non-congruent class of mirror neurons?

    <p>They show no clear relationship between observed and executed actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of lesions in the mirror neuron system?

    <p>Impaired action understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron responds to an exact match between performed and observed actions?

    <p>Strictly congruent neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area was found to have clear clusters in fMRI studies related to mirror neurons?

    <p>Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of studies included both action execution and action observation conditions?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested about mirror neuron activity in relation to understanding intentions?

    <p>MNs automatically infer new goals and intentions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence supports the presence of mirror neurons in humans?

    <p>Indirect evidence from fMRI, TMS, and EEG.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the study by Iacoboni et al., which condition showed greater activity in the IFG?

    <p>Intention conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was concluded about the role of MNs in action understanding?

    <p>MNs are involved in both action recognition and intention understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the findings from monkey studies about mirror neurons?

    <p>Overwhelming evidence supports the presence of MNs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research suggest about the location of the human mirror neuron system (MNS)?

    <p>It extends beyond classical motor areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do mirror neurons (MNs) in monkeys specifically respond to?

    <p>The goal of the action rather than the specific kinematics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about MNs is true?

    <p>MNs can respond to the sound of an action's outcome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of mu rhythm suppression in EEG studies regarding human MNS?

    <p>It shows activation related to both observed and executed movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do MNs in humans differ from those in monkeys?

    <p>Human MNs may respond to meaningless actions as well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome was observed regarding MEPs during observation of object grasping?

    <p>MEPs increased in response to both object grasping and meaningless actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain is primarily associated with mirror neuron activity in monkeys?

    <p>Ventral premotor cortex (area F5)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor that influences the firing of MNs?

    <p>The perceived goal of the action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it difficult to provide direct evidence of MNs in humans?

    <p>Single-neuron recordings are easier to conduct in monkeys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lecture 1 - Mirror Neurons Pt1

    • Assessment:
      • In-class test (40%) on November 12th at 9 am, consisting of two 250-word essays
      • In-class MCQ exam (60%) in week 14 or 15

    Mirror Neurons

    • Discovery: First found in monkeys
    • Mechanism: Two monkeys, one picking up a banana, the other watching. Same neurons fire in both.

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of mirror neurons in this comprehensive quiz based on Lecture 1. Learn about their discovery in monkeys and the mechanisms behind their function. Prepare for assessments that will test your understanding with essay prompts and MCQ exams.

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