Learning Theories and Factors

Study Notes

Defined as the process of acquiring and retaining attitudes, knowledge, understanding, skills, and capabilities that are not inherited behavior patterns or physical growth.
Can be classified into four types: cognitive, psychomotor, affective, social relating and perceptual learning.
Cognitive learning involves mental processes like reasoning, remembering, and recalling, contributing to the development of intellectual skills.
Psychomotor learning focuses on developing skills requiring coordination between the brain and muscles.
Affective learning involves changes in interest, attitudes, values, and appreciation.
Social relating and perceptual learning encompasses observing social etiquette, discussing, and interacting with others socially.

Clear objectives stated in behavioral terms.
Readiness for learning in terms of intellectual, physical, emotional, or social maturation.
Use of communication methods appropriate for the learner's age and ability.
Careful guidance throughout the learning experience.
Recall of relevant prior knowledge.
Full attention and concentration throughout the learning process.
Strong motivation to learn.
Active involvement of the learner in the learning process.

Derived from the Latin words "educere," "educare," and "educatum," meaning "to learn," "to know," and "to lead out."
Aims to lead out the internal hidden talent of a child or individual.
Different educational philosophers have diverse definitions of education.
Education, in its broadest sense, encompasses all influences on an individual from cradle to grave.
Various philosophers have unique views on education, including:
- Aristotle: Education creates a sound mind in a sound body, developing the individual's faculties, especially the mind, to appreciate truth, goodness, and beauty.
- Rousseau: Education is the child's development from within.
- Froebel: Education is unfolding what's already present in the child's potential. It is the process of making the internal external.
- Pestalozzi: Education is the harmonious development of all of an individual's innate physical, intellectual, and moral powers.