49 Questions
Which company popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative?
GE
What is the main goal of Six Sigma?
To identify and eliminate defects
Which of the following is NOT a key element of Six Sigma?
Significant bottom line financial returns
Which of the following is one of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing?
Unnecessary movement
What is one of the distinguishing characteristics of services in terms of quality control?
Customer perception and evaluation
What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?
Understand customer value
What is one of the main differences between Lean and Six Sigma?
Focus on flow vs focus on defects
Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?
$\sigma$
What does Six Sigma represent in terms of process performance?
Producing only 3.4 defects for every one million opportunities or operations
At the 6 sigma quality level, how often would a golfer miss 1 putt?
Every 163 years
What is the acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification?
$\leq$ 3 rings
According to the text, what is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?
RTY = Process 1 TPY * Process 2 TPY * Process 3 TPY
What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?
Material that has entered the production process but is not yet a finished product
Why are service processes usually slow, according to the text?
There is too much WIP, often the result of unnecessary complexity in the service offering
What is lead time according to the text?
Lead time is how long it takes to deliver a product or service once the order is triggered
Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t. Which of the following is NOT a waste according to Lean Thinking?
Value-Added Activities
Which of the following is a key principle of Lean?
Establish pull
What is the formula for calculating Throughput Yield (TPY)?
TPY = (Number of acceptable units at the end of the process) / (Number of starting units)
Which of the following industries can benefit from Lean?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a key element of Six Sigma?
Significant bottom line financial returns
Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t. Which of the following is NOT a waste according to Lean Thinking?
Inspection
What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?
Reduce waste
Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?
$\sigma$
Which of the following is one of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing?
Over-processing
Which company popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative?
General Electric (GE)
According to the text, what is the performance level of a 5 sigma process in terms of defects per million opportunities (DPMO)?
99.9767
What is the formula for calculating the cost of quality as a percentage of sales, according to the text?
25 - 40% of sales
Which of the following is a characteristic of special cause variation, according to the text?
It is caused by unique disturbances or a series of them
What is the acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification?
<= 3 rings
What is the formula for calculating the throughput yield (TPY), according to the text?
TPY = (1 - DPU) * (1 - DPMO)
What is the main goal of Six Sigma, according to the text?
To reduce and control variation in processes
According to the text, what is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?
RTY = Process 1 TPY * Process 2 TPY * Process 3 TPY
What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?
Material that has entered the production process but is not yet a finished product.
Why are service processes usually slow, according to the text?
There is too much Work in Process (WIP) in service processes.
What is lead time according to the text?
The time it takes to deliver a product or service once the order is triggered.
What is a process map?
A continuous improvement tool that enables the visual representation of a process.
Why is process mapping important?
All of the above.
Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Lean?
Identify value
What is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?
RTY = (Throughput Yield of Process 1 * Throughput Yield of Process 2 * Throughput Yield of Process 3) * 100%
What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?
Understand customer value
What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?
The number of units / transactions at the end of a process divided by the number of starting units / transactions including scrap and rework
Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?
$\sigma$
What is lead time according to the text?
The time it takes to deliver a product or service to the customer
Lean methods answer the question 'How do we quickly and efficiently meet the needs of the customer.' The approach can only work if:
All of the above
What is the main goal of Six Sigma?
To reduce defects and improve process quality
Which of the following is a key principle of Lean?
Waste elimination
What does Six Sigma represent in terms of process performance?
99.7% defect-free
Lean vs. Six Sigma - Similarities
Both require active involvement of all interested
Lean vs. Six Sigma - Differences
Lean focuses on flow, while Six Sigma focuses on reducing defects
Study Notes
Six Sigma and Lean
- Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes.
- The main goal of Six Sigma is to reduce defects and variations in processes.
- General Electric (GE) popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative.
- Six Sigma represents 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO) in terms of process performance.
Lean Manufacturing
- Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t.
- One of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing is transportation waste.
- One of the key principles of Lean is to eliminate non-value-added activities.
- Lean methods answer the question 'How do we quickly and efficiently meet the needs of the customer.'
- Lean can benefit various industries.
Process Management
- A process map is a visual representation of the steps involved in a process.
- Process mapping is important for identifying areas for improvement.
- Lead time refers to the time it takes for a product or service to move through a process.
- Work in Process (WIP) refers to the partially finished goods or materials in a process.
- Service processes are usually slow due to the variability in customer demand and the complexity of services.
Statistical Concepts
- The symbol σ (sigma) is traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution.
- The formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) is RTY = (TPY1 × TPY2 × ... × TPYN).
- The formula for calculating Throughput Yield (TPY) is TPY = (number of units that complete the process correctly) / (number of units that enter the process).
Quality Control
- The acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up is 3, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification.
- A 5 sigma process has a performance level of 233 defects per million opportunities (DPMO).
- The formula for calculating the cost of quality as a percentage of sales is (cost of quality / sales) × 100.
Test your knowledge of Lean Six Sigma belts and their roles in project management. Explore the different levels of expertise, from Yellow Belt to Master Black Belt, and learn about their contributions to improving processes and achieving organizational goals.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
