Lean Six Sigma Belts
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Questions and Answers

Which company popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative?

  • Art Sundry
  • GE (correct)
  • Bill Smith
  • Motorola

What is the main goal of Six Sigma?

  • To improve customer satisfaction
  • To reduce variation in processes
  • To achieve financial savings
  • To identify and eliminate defects (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a key element of Six Sigma?

  • Effective use of statistics
  • Focuses on Customers (VoC)
  • Significant bottom line financial returns (correct)
  • Uses a disciplined approach to problem solving

Which of the following is one of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing?

<p>Unnecessary movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the distinguishing characteristics of services in terms of quality control?

<p>Customer perception and evaluation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?

<p>Understand customer value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main differences between Lean and Six Sigma?

<p>Focus on flow vs focus on defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?

<p>$\sigma$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Six Sigma represent in terms of process performance?

<p>Producing only 3.4 defects for every one million opportunities or operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At the 6 sigma quality level, how often would a golfer miss 1 putt?

<p>Every 163 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification?

<p>$\leq$ 3 rings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?

<p>RTY = Process 1 TPY * Process 2 TPY * Process 3 TPY (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?

<p>Material that has entered the production process but is not yet a finished product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are service processes usually slow, according to the text?

<p>There is too much WIP, often the result of unnecessary complexity in the service offering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lead time according to the text?

<p>Lead time is how long it takes to deliver a product or service once the order is triggered (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t. Which of the following is NOT a waste according to Lean Thinking?

<p>Value-Added Activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key principle of Lean?

<p>Establish pull (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating Throughput Yield (TPY)?

<p>TPY = (Number of acceptable units at the end of the process) / (Number of starting units) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following industries can benefit from Lean?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key element of Six Sigma?

<p>Significant bottom line financial returns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t. Which of the following is NOT a waste according to Lean Thinking?

<p>Inspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?

<p>Reduce waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?

<p>$\sigma$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is one of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing?

<p>Over-processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative?

<p>General Electric (GE) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the performance level of a 5 sigma process in terms of defects per million opportunities (DPMO)?

<p>99.9767 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the cost of quality as a percentage of sales, according to the text?

<p>25 - 40% of sales (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of special cause variation, according to the text?

<p>It is caused by unique disturbances or a series of them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification?

<p>&lt;= 3 rings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the throughput yield (TPY), according to the text?

<p>TPY = (1 - DPU) * (1 - DPMO) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Six Sigma, according to the text?

<p>To reduce and control variation in processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?

<p>RTY = Process 1 TPY * Process 2 TPY * Process 3 TPY (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?

<p>Material that has entered the production process but is not yet a finished product. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are service processes usually slow, according to the text?

<p>There is too much Work in Process (WIP) in service processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lead time according to the text?

<p>The time it takes to deliver a product or service once the order is triggered. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a process map?

<p>A continuous improvement tool that enables the visual representation of a process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is process mapping important?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Lean?

<p>Identify value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?

<p>RTY = (Throughput Yield of Process 1 * Throughput Yield of Process 2 * Throughput Yield of Process 3) * 100% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first steps in implementing Lean methods?

<p>Understand customer value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Work in Process (WIP) according to the text?

<p>The number of units / transactions at the end of a process divided by the number of starting units / transactions including scrap and rework (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes. What is the symbol traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution?

<p>$\sigma$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is lead time according to the text?

<p>The time it takes to deliver a product or service to the customer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lean methods answer the question 'How do we quickly and efficiently meet the needs of the customer.' The approach can only work if:

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Six Sigma?

<p>To reduce defects and improve process quality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key principle of Lean?

<p>Waste elimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Six Sigma represent in terms of process performance?

<p>99.7% defect-free (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lean vs. Six Sigma - Similarities

<p>Both require active involvement of all interested (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lean vs. Six Sigma - Differences

<p>Lean focuses on flow, while Six Sigma focuses on reducing defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Six Sigma?

A data-driven methodology focused on minimizing process variation.

Main goal of Six Sigma

To reduce defects and variations in processes.

Who popularized Six Sigma?

General Electric (GE).

Six Sigma DPMO

3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO).

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What is Lean Thinking?

Accelerating process velocity by focusing on customer value and removing waste.

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Transportation waste

Movement of materials or information that does not add value.

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Non-value-added activities

Activities that do not directly contribute to the value perceived by the customer.

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Lean methods question

How to efficiently fulfill customer needs.

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Lean benefits

Can improve efficiency in various industries.

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What is a process map?

A visual representation of the stages required to complete a task.

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Process mapping importance

To find possible bottlenecks within an operation.

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What is lead time?

The total time required for a product or service to go through a process.

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Work In Process (WIP)

Partially finished goods or materials in progress.

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Slow service processes

Variability in demand and high complexity.

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What does sigma (σ) represent?

Represents the variation about the average in a normal distribution.

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Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) formula?

RTY = (TPY1 × TPY2 × ... × TPYN)

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Throughput Yield (TPY) formula?

(Number of correct units) / (Total units entering process)

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Acceptable call rings (CTQ)

3 rings.

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5 sigma DPMO

233 defects per million opportunities (DPMO).

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Cost of quality (% of sales) formula

(Cost of quality / sales) × 100

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Study Notes

Six Sigma and Lean

  • Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology aimed at reducing and controlling variation in processes.
  • The main goal of Six Sigma is to reduce defects and variations in processes.
  • General Electric (GE) popularized Six Sigma as a strategic initiative.
  • Six Sigma represents 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO) in terms of process performance.

Lean Manufacturing

  • Lean Thinking is about accelerating the velocity of any process by doing only the things that add customer value and eliminating other activities that don’t.
  • One of the 7 wastes in Lean manufacturing is transportation waste.
  • One of the key principles of Lean is to eliminate non-value-added activities.
  • Lean methods answer the question 'How do we quickly and efficiently meet the needs of the customer.'
  • Lean can benefit various industries.

Process Management

  • A process map is a visual representation of the steps involved in a process.
  • Process mapping is important for identifying areas for improvement.
  • Lead time refers to the time it takes for a product or service to move through a process.
  • Work in Process (WIP) refers to the partially finished goods or materials in a process.
  • Service processes are usually slow due to the variability in customer demand and the complexity of services.

Statistical Concepts

  • The symbol σ (sigma) is traditionally used in statistics to represent the variation about the mean of a normal distribution.
  • The formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) is RTY = (TPY1 × TPY2 × ... × TPYN).
  • The formula for calculating Throughput Yield (TPY) is TPY = (number of units that complete the process correctly) / (number of units that enter the process).

Quality Control

  • The acceptable number of rings before a call is picked up is 3, according to the critical to quality (CTQ) specification.
  • A 5 sigma process has a performance level of 233 defects per million opportunities (DPMO).
  • The formula for calculating the cost of quality as a percentage of sales is (cost of quality / sales) × 100.

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Test your knowledge of Lean Six Sigma belts and their roles in project management. Explore the different levels of expertise, from Yellow Belt to Master Black Belt, and learn about their contributions to improving processes and achieving organizational goals.

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