93 Questions
Which one of the following is considered value-added work?
Entering data into computer system for regulatory reports
Which one of the following is a major category of waste?
Overextension of capacities
Lean focuses on the elimination of waste, variation, and work imbalance. What must each step in Lean create for the customer?
Value
Which one of the following is a driver of waste?
Running or operating at an uneven pace
What is the Lean objective?
To produce and deliver the highest quality products and services at the lowest possible cost
What are the two key drivers of waste in organizations?
Running or operating at an uneven pace and eliminating waste in the system
Which of the following is a key goal of Lean philosophy?
Providing customers with exactly what they want
What is the definition of a standard in Lean philosophy?
The best way to do something known and shared by everyone at a given time
What are the three views in Lean Production Standards?
Product view, Process view, Operation view
What is the purpose of Takt Time in Lean philosophy?
To synchronize production with customer demand
What are the 5 phases of Modern Six Sigma?
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
What percentage of information does a human collect through sight, according to the text?
83%
What is the purpose of Visual Management, according to the text?
To show and control the process
What is the purpose of the DMAIC method, according to the text?
To identify the root causes
What criteria should be considered when selecting Lean Six Sigma projects?
Business issues and objectives addressed
Which of the following is a key step in the SIPOC methodology?
Identifying necessary inputs and suppliers
What must be done before identifying necessary inputs and suppliers in the SIPOC methodology?
Identify process outputs
Which of the following criteria should be considered first when selecting Lean Six Sigma projects?
Projects that are linked to a key business issue or objective
What is the purpose of selecting well-defined improvement projects?
To ensure better, faster results
What is the key objective of Lean philosophy?
To eliminate waste, variation, and work imbalance
What is the purpose of Visual Management?
To provide visual indicators of performance
Which methodology is used to arrive at a data-driven solution in Lean Six Sigma?
DMAIC
What is the purpose of the Define phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To define project objectives and attain the Voice of the Customer
What is the purpose of the Measure phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To measure and collect data on process performance
What is the purpose of the Analyze phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To analyze data and identify root causes
What is the purpose of the Improve phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To implement and verify improvements
What is the purpose of the Voice of the Customer (VOC) in Lean Six Sigma?
All of the above
Which of the following is an example of a reactive VOC system?
Customer complaints
Which of the following is a guideline for surveying?
Keep the survey short and simple
What are the needs, wants, expectations, and preferences of the people who constitute the business itself called?
Voice of Business (VOB)
Which of the following is an example of the Voice of Team (VOT)?
Problems faced by team members with the current process
Which one of the following is the purpose of the SIPOC methodology?
To create a high-level view of the process
What is the formula for calculating process yield?
Process Yield = (Good Units / Total Units) x 100
What is the formula for calculating Process DPMO (Nonconform Rate)?
Process DPMO = (Defective Units / Total Units) x 1,000,000
What is the formula for calculating Rolled Throughput Yield?
RTY = Yield Step A x Yield Step B x Yield Step C
What is the purpose of calculating Rolled Throughput Yield?
To establish a baseline for the entire process
What is the formula for calculating Cycle Time using Little's Law?
Cycle Time = Work in Process / Exit Rate
What is the formula for calculating TAKT Time?
TAKT Time = Total Daily Operating Time / Total Daily Requirement
What is the purpose of Work Sequence in Standard Operations?
To define the sequence of activities performed by a worker
What does OEE/TRS measure in equipment production process?
Availability of equipment, Performance efficiency, and Rate of quality products
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to downtime in production?
Actual operating time
What is the formula for calculating OEE or TRS?
Availability * Performance efficiency * Rate of quality products
What is the purpose of translating VOC (Voice of the Customer) into CTQs (Critical to Quality)?
To quantify customer needs and requirements
Which of the following is a key deliverable of the Define Phase in the DMAIC methodology?
All of the above.
What is the value stream?
The set of activities required to bring a product or service into the hands of the customer.
What is the purpose of the Priority Matrix in Lean Six Sigma?
To prioritize which problems to tackle first.
What is the formula for calculating % VA (Value-Added) using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) methodology?
% VA = (VA time / Total cycle time) x 100%
What is the key objective of Lean philosophy?
To eliminate waste.
What is the purpose of the current state value stream map in Lean Six Sigma?
To determine what the process currently looks like
Which technique is used to identify root causes by asking 'Why' multiple times?
The 5 Why Technique
What is the purpose of the 5 Why Technique?
To identify the root causes of a problem
What is the purpose of the Analyze phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To identify root causes
What is the purpose of an Ishikawa Diagram?
To stimulate thinking during a brainstorm of potential causes
What is a common mistake to avoid when using an Ishikawa Diagram?
Using the tool as an alternative form of outlining
What does an Ishikawa Diagram graphically display?
Cause-and-effect relationships between potential causes
What is the purpose of an Ishikawa Diagram in problem-solving?
To visualize the relationships between potential causes
What is the purpose of the 5S+1 tool in Lean?
To improve safety and organization
Which of the following is NOT one of the 5S+1 objectives?
To identify the root cause of a problem.
What does the EL-CO-MO-RE acronym stand for in waste reduction?
Eliminate, Combine, Modify, Reduce
What is the purpose of the S2 - Store or Set in Order step of the 5S process?
To make things easy to use and aligned with the process flow
What is the formula for calculating Changeover time in Lean?
Set-up time + Adjust time
Which step of the 5S process involves cleaning up machines, equipment, floors, and walls?
S3 - Shine or Clean-up
Which of the following is NOT a principle of Quick Changeover, according to the text?
Streamline external
What is the definition of INTERNAL in Quick Changeover, according to the text?
Elements done with the machine stopped
What is the definition of EXTERNAL in Quick Changeover, according to the text?
Elements done while the machine is running
What is the purpose of a Cause-and-Effect Diagram?
To identify and organize possible causes
What is the main difference between an I-Shaped Cell and a U-Shaped Cell?
Flexibility of Movement
What is the purpose of Source Inspection in error-proofing?
To prevent errors from becoming defects
What is the distinction between defects and errors?
Defects are results, errors are causes
What are the types of Error-Proofing Devices?
Prevent and Detect
Which of the following is a characteristic of Kanban?
It is a small card that regulates 'Pull' in the production system
What is the ultimate goal of Kanban?
To achieve Just In Time production
What is the purpose of Supermarkets in a pull system?
To provide visual control for inventory
What is the benefit of Kitting in assembly environments?
Increases productivity
Which one of the following is an example of a Pull production system?
Supermarket (goods on shelves)
Which one of the following is a necessary element for a Pull production system?
High process stability
Which one of the following is a characteristic of a Push production system?
Orders are launched ahead of delivery date
Which one of the following is a benefit of holding finished goods inventory?
Ready to ship all inventory of all products
Which one of the following is a characteristic of a Pull production system?
Requires inventory and floor space for each part number
What is the purpose of the Improve phase in the DMAIC methodology?
To implement solutions onto the root causes
Which phase of the process improvement cycle involves monitoring targets and CTQs to ensure the implemented improvements have a positive result?
Control Phase
What is the best way to answer the question 'Did My Process Improve' in the process improvement cycle?
Before and after comparisons
Which technique is used on the workspace to detect abnormalities and immediately engage corrective actions?
Visual Management
What needs to be done to reflect new procedures in the process improvement cycle?
Update standards
What is the purpose of the Impact Analysis?
To evaluate the perception of change by affected populations
Which of the following is a key factor for a successful Lean implementation?
Clear objectives and adapted competencies
What do studies show about organizational changes?
70% of organizational changes fail to achieve their objective
What are the top two reasons for the inability to innovate and unwillingness to change?
Resistance to change and fear of the unknown
Why is it important to create a sense of urgency in change management?
To ensure adequate mobilization
What is the purpose of building a guiding coalition in change management?
To gain involvement and commitment
Which one of the following is NOT a purpose of the RACI matrix?
To inform the person that an action has been taken
How should a training need be expressed?
By defining the need, context, business challenges, and expected changes
Why is it important to communicate the vision?
To clarify how the future will be different from the past
Study Notes
Steps for Creating a Cause-and-Effect Diagram
- Step 1: Review the focused problem - high number of "major errors" caught in the last editing stage
- Step 2: Identify possible causes - reporters not reviewing grammar, copyeditors too busy, reporters unaware of correct grammar, etc.
- Step 3: Sort possible causes into reasonable clusters - clusters include grammar errors, use of spellchecker, copyeditors busy with facts, etc.
- Step 4: Choose a cluster and label a main bone - cluster labeled "Copyeditors busy tracking down facts"
- Step 5: Develop and arrange bones for that cluster - additional items added to the cluster, such as poor typing skills and spellchecker not user-friendly
- Steps 6-8: Complete diagram and select causes to verify - diagram includes causes like grammar errors, misspelled words, and lack of spellchecker use
- Results of accuracy checks unclear, high number of wrong names, numbers, and facts are also mentioned.
- Cause-and-effect diagram helps identify and organize possible causes, but verification is needed before taking action.
- Group activity: Creating an Ishikawa diagram - instructions for creating a cause-and-effect diagram as a team
- Short loop and analyze phase outcome - identification of root causes and key inputs for major wastes and problem areas.
Michelin Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Test
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