Questions and Answers
Which of the following functions is NOT one of the established purposes of the United Nations?
Which country was the most recent addition to the United Nations as of July 2011?
What year was the Declaration by the United Nations first issued?
Which of the following languages was added as an official language of the United Nations in 1973?
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Who coined the term 'United Nations'?
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Which agency was created under the Treaty of Versailles and served as an affiliated body of the League of Nations?
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When was the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) officially established?
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What significant event caused the PCIJ to cease operation?
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Which UN organ is primarily responsible for overseeing international security?
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What was the primary function of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?
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Study Notes
Organizations Associated with the League
- International Labour Organization (ILO) operates independently but is financially linked to the League of Nations.
- ILO established during the Treaty of Versailles at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference as a League affiliate to regulate labor conditions.
- Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) established by the League in 1921, located in The Hague, Netherlands.
- PCIJ ceased operations in 1946; its Statute is closely mirrored in the International Court of Justice (ICJ) established with the UN Charter in 1945.
United Nations Overview
- Founded in 1945 as a global intergovernmental organization aimed at maintaining international peace and security.
- Focus areas include economic and social development and the promotion of human rights.
- Original membership consisted of 51 countries; current membership totals 193.
- India, as a founding member, ratified its membership on October 30, 1945; South Sudan is the newest member, joining in July 2011.
- UN headquarters are located in New York City.
Four Pillars of the UN
- The Preamble emphasizes the importance of:
- Peace and Security
- Human Rights
- The Rule of Law
- Development
Important Facts about the UN
- The term "United Nations" was popularized by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and first appeared in the 1942 Declaration during WWII.
- The original UN logo was designed in 1945 under Oliver Lincoln Lundquist’s leadership.
- The General Assembly established five official languages in 1946: Chinese, French, English, Russian, and Spanish; Arabic was added in 1973.
- UN’s current six official and working languages include Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.
- Indonesia is the only country to have withdrawn from the UN (in 1965), returning in 1966.
- The UN and Kofi Annan received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001 for efforts towards global peace and organization.
History of the UN
- Established post-WWII as nations sought peace and reconstruction.
- Key event: UN Conference on International Organization held from April 25 to June 26, 1945, in San Francisco, resulting in the UN Charter signature by 50 nations.
- The UN Charter was officially signed on June 26, 1945, and Poland became a member by signing on October 15, 1945.
- The UN formally came into existence on October 24, 1945, after ratification by five permanent Security Council members.
League of Nations Context
- The League of Nations, the predecessor to the UN, was established following WWI, significantly influenced by the Treaty of Versailles.
- Key dates in WWI include:
- June 28, 1914: Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand.
- July 28, 1914: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
- November 11, 1918: Germany signed the Armistice, ending WWI.
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Description
This quiz explores the relationship between the League of Nations and its affiliated organizations, particularly focusing on the International Labour Organization (ILO). It delves into their origins, budgets, and roles as established during the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Test your knowledge on these crucial historical elements of international governance.
