Leaf Structure and Function

A waxy layer that waterproofs the leaf surface, preventing water loss.

A transparent layer of cells on the upper surface of the leaf, letting light through to reach the mesophyll.

A tightly packed layer of cells in the leaf, containing many chloroplasts where most photosynthesis takes place.

A loosely packed layer of cells below the palisade mesophyll, with air spaces for gas exchange, containing some chloroplasts.

A bundle of xylem and phloem that transports water, minerals, and sugars in the leaf.

The part of the vascular bundle carrying water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

The part of the vascular bundle that carries sugars and other nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

The protective cell layer on the bottom of the leaf, containing stomata.

Tiny pores on the leaf surface surrounded by guard cells, controlling gas exchange and water loss.

Cells surrounding stomata, opening or closing the stomata to regulate gas exchange and water loss.

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy (sugars).

Organelles within plant cells containing chlorophyll, crucial for capturing light energy in photosynthesis.

The process where plants lose water vapor through stomata.

The process of taking in carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing oxygen (O2) during photosynthesis.

Long and thin cells, found in the palisade mesophyll.

Round cells, loosely packed in the spongy mesophyll.

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

The movement of sugars in plants through the phloem.

Carbon Dioxide, essential for photosynthesis.

Oxygen, a gas released during photosynthesis.