OB Chp 9

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Questions and Answers

What are the two major tasks of leaders according to the content?

Inspiring others and seeking personal gain

Planning strategy and executing tasks

Managing daily tasks and inspiring others (correct)

Delegating responsibilities and motivating employees

What is a key distinctive trait that leaders possess according to trait theory?

Ability to take risks

Charisma

Emotional stability (correct)

Superior knowledge

Which option best describes the difference between formal and informal leaders?

Informal leaders often lack critical knowledge and experience.

Formal leaders are assigned roles while informal leaders do not hold legitimate titles. (correct)

Formal leaders work under more authority than informal leaders.

Informal leaders do not have to exert influence.

How is transactional leadership primarily motivated?

Through the exchange of rewards for services Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of managing according to the content?

Following rules and policies effectively Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what does leading involve beyond managing?

Exerting influence rooted in values Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT listed as required for success in leadership?

Creativity Signup and view all the answers

Why is integrity considered crucial in leadership according to Warren Buffet?

It is more important than intelligence and energy Signup and view all the answers

What orientation does a low LPC score typically indicate?

Task leader orientation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to situational favourableness in leadership?

Leader-member relations Signup and view all the answers

According to House’s Path-Goal Model, what is the purpose of leaders adapting their styles?

To match the situational demands for effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What defines directive behaviour in leadership?

Setting clear expectations and guidelines Signup and view all the answers

What best characterizes supportive behaviour in leadership?

Constantly showing concern for subordinates' wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

What does a high LPC score suggest about a leader's orientation?

An inclination towards relationship-oriented leadership Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power is indicated by a leader's official hierarchical authority?

Position power Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of House's Path-Goal Model?

Determining the effectiveness of specific leader behaviours in various situations Signup and view all the answers

Which gender-related statement about leadership is considered accurate?

Women are typically more participative and democratic. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the nine aspects that vary between cultures in leadership?

Emotional intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What trait is often associated with men in leadership roles?

Laissez-faire leadership Signup and view all the answers

What management attribute is observed in women that contributes to better leadership outcomes?

Transformative approach Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of participative leadership?

Higher quality work due to employee pride Signup and view all the answers

What is one disadvantage of participative leadership for managers?

Loss of power and influence Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior in Vroom and Jago’s Situational Model indicates the least amount of participation from employees?

AI Signup and view all the answers

What assumption is generally made about employees in a participative leadership scenario?

They possess higher technical skills than their managers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of decision-making behavior involves sharing the problem with all employees before making a decision?

CII Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Leader Member Exchange Theory (LMX)?

Relationship-based leadership approach Signup and view all the answers

When should a leader consider using low participation leadership styles?

When quick decisions are necessary Signup and view all the answers

What might limit an employee's receptivity to participative leadership?

Low general need satisfaction (GNS) Signup and view all the answers

What trait is primarily associated with effective leadership during the hiring process?

Extraversion Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership behavior focuses on task accomplishment by organizing and planning?

Initiating structure Signup and view all the answers

What effect does initiating consideration typically have on employees?

Heightens job satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What does Fiedler's contingency model suggest about leadership effectiveness?

Certain situations favor specific leadership traits Signup and view all the answers

What benefit is NOT typically associated with initiating structure in leadership?

Enhanced social-emotional connection Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the outcome of a leader that is adept at initiating consideration?

They maintain high employee morale Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of leaders who exhibit prototypical traits?

They tend to be innovative and creative Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between leader behaviour and follower outcomes?

Effective leadership behaviours universally result in increased employee motivation and satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What does LMX differentiation refer to?

Variability in quality of LMX relationships between members of the same workgroup Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style emphasizes autonomy and self-management in followers?

Empowering leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of global leadership?

Tolerating high levels of ambiguity and exhibiting cultural adaptability Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for ethical leadership?

Punishing unethical behavior while rewarding ethical behavior Signup and view all the answers

What best describes shared leadership?

Leadership is informal and distributed among group members Signup and view all the answers

In the context of strategic leadership, what is essential for ensuring organizational success?

Anticipating and envisioning future changes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following traits is considered universal for effective leadership?

Charisma Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is most critical for hiring a leader?

Integrity Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior focuses on task accomplishment by organizing and structuring work?

Initiating structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of initiating consideration in leadership?

Improved employee well-being and satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a situation-contingent behavior?

Adapting leadership style to fit team needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a universal behavior found across effective leaders?

Ability to inspire trust and motivate Signup and view all the answers

What does a low LPC (Least Preferred Coworker) score typically indicate in Fiedler’s Contingency Model?

A task-oriented leader Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT used to measure situational favorableness in Fiedler’s model?

Leader’s personality Signup and view all the answers

What best describes achievement-oriented leadership in Path-Goal Theory?

B) Setting challenging goals and expecting high performance Signup and view all the answers

According to Path-Goal Theory, what is the purpose of adapting leadership styles?

B) To reduce task ambiguity and help employees achieve goals Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of participative leadership?

B) Greater employee commitment to decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a downside of participative leadership?

B) Delayed decision-making processes Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style prioritizes the needs of followers over the leader’s interests?

B) Servant leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of sustainability-focused leadership?

B) Emphasizing environmental, social, and long-term outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What does LMX (Leader-Member Exchange) Theory emphasize?

B) High-quality relationships with some team members Signup and view all the answers

What does initiating structure in leadership typically promote?

Task clarity and productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is one liability of strong organizational culture?

Resistance to change and innovation Signup and view all the answers

What does a high LPC score suggest about a leader?

They are relationship-oriented. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Leadership

Leadership is the influence individuals exert on others to achieve organizational goals.
Key tasks include managing daily tasks (level 1) and inspiring others to achieve extraordinary goals (level 2).
Effective leaders possess traits like integrity, intelligence, and energy.
Trait theory suggests leaders have distinctive qualities that differentiate them from followers.

Formal vs Informal Leadership

Formal leadership involves appointed roles (e.g., CFO, VP) with legitimate authority.
Formal leaders are expected to influence and direct employees.
Informal leadership lacks formal titles but can hold significant influence through positive power and specialized knowledge or experience.

Leaders vs Managers

Managers focus on doing things right (following procedures), while leaders focus on doing the right thing (acting ethically).
Managing involves planning, delegating, and providing feedback; leading involves inspiring and influencing.

Transactional vs Transformational Leadership

Transactional leadership involves motivating through rewards and punishments.
Transformational leadership fosters innovation and inspires extraordinary efforts.

Primary Leadership Development Approaches

Universal leadership influence approach suggests leadership is based on enduring traits and behaviors (box 1 & 2).
Situation contingent leadership influence approach suggests leaders adapt their styles based on the specific situation (box 3 & 4).

Situational-Contingent Leader Influence

Fiedler's contingency theory pairs leadership styles with situations.
The Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) scale helps determine a leader's orientation (relationship vs task-focused).
Situational factors like leader-member relations, task structure, and position power influence leadership effectiveness.

House's Path-Goal Model

This model emphasizes guiding employees toward achieving goals, considering employee characteristics and environmental factors.
Directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented behaviors are crucial to effective leadership.

Participative Leadership

Involves employees in decision-making processes for work-related decisions.
Advantages include increased motivation, high-quality work, and employee acceptance.
Disadvantages include loss of power, time constraints, and employee knowledge/receptivity.

Global Leadership

Global leaders must be culturally sensitive and adaptable, possess strong personal characteristics, and have a global mindset.
Shared leadership is a distributed model where multiple people take on leadership roles.

Positive Leadership Approaches

Empowering leadership emphasizes self-management and fostering individual growth among followers.
Ethical leadership promotes ethical behavior and actions.
Servant leadership focuses on putting follower needs first.

Culture and Leadership

Cultural contexts significantly affect leadership styles and strategies.

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Description

Explore the essential aspects of leadership, including the influence leaders have on achieving organizational goals. This quiz covers the differences between formal and informal leadership, as well as the contrast between leaders and managers. Test your understanding of key leadership traits and functions.