18 Questions
Which protein replaces cytoplasm in cells as they move upward?
Keratin
What is the primary function of keratin in hair, hooves, and nails?
To provide toughness and rigidity
What do reptile scales, bird feathers, and mammal hooves have in common?
Composition of keratin
Which component is most likely NOT found in the dermis?
Melanocytes
What is a common feature of the armor of crocodilians, some lizards, and parts of a turtle's shell?
Dermal bone composition
Which of the following structures are composed of both epidermal (keratinized) and dermal components?
Antlers of mammals
What is the function of the epidermis in vertebrates?
Gives rise to hair, feathers, claws, and hooves
Which type of integument secretion is responsible for hardening the cuticle in insects?
Sclerotization
Which layer of the arthropod integument secretes a complex cuticle made of chitin and protein?
Procuticle
What is responsible for stiffening the cuticle in decapod crustaceans like lobsters?
Deposition of calcium carbonate
Which invertebrate group has a soft epidermis containing a mucous gland for protection?
Arthropods
What provides protection and skeletal support in arthropods?
Complex integument with a cuticle
Which layer of the epidermis contains dead, keratinized cells that are shed as dandruff flakes?
Stratum corneum
Which layer of the skin contains collagen and elastic fibers, and forms the dermal ridges that create fingerprints?
Papillary layer
What is the primary component of hair that gives it its strength and rigidity?
Keratin
Which of the following factors primarily determines hair texture?
Hair diameter
What is the primary function of the nails?
Protection of the fingertips and toes
Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for the production of new keratinocytes?
Stratum basale
Test your knowledge on the different layers of the epidermis, including features such as keratin formation, waterproofing, and nutrient reception. Identify specific characteristics like the Stratum lucidum and Stratum corneum found in thick and thin skin layers.
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