Layers in TCP/IP Protocol Suite and OSI Model
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Questions and Answers

What type of network topology is characterized by every computer being directly connected to all other computers?

  • Mesh (correct)
  • Star
  • Bus
  • Ring

    • Which network topology is defined as having computers connected in a closed circle?

  • Star
  • Ring (correct)
  • Mesh
  • Bus

    • What does MTD stand for in the context of endpoint security solutions against threats?

  • Mobile Threat Defense (correct)
  • Media Transmission Protocol
  • Multiple Threat Detection
  • Mobile Test Drive

    • Which type of network creates a dedicated communication path between two devices for the entire duration of their conversation?

    <p>Circuit-switched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the TCP part of TCP/IP stand for?

    <p>Transmission Control Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the OSI model govern in terms of computer systems communication?

    <p>How separate computer systems communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the TCP/IP model is responsible for breaking data into packets and properly transmitting them over the network?

    <p>Transport Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer assigns MAC addresses to devices and transmits information on computers connected to the same LAN?

    <p>Data Link Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is associated with the Application Layer in the OSI model?

    <p>HTTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer ensures logical addressing and routing of packets in the TCP/IP model?

    <p>Network Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the TCP/IP model, which layer manages communications between computers?

    <p>Application Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer is responsible for coding data, file formats, character representations, and encryption?

    <p>Presentation Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is part of the TCP/IP suite that provides a reliable stream of data between two computers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mesh network topology involves computers connected in a linear setup.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ARP is a network protocol that handles routing decisions to move packets from their source to their destination.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Point-to-point network consists of computers and devices that are connected indirectly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Packet-switched networks transmit data as individual messages, with each packet independently routed to its destination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Extranet is a public network that allows any user to securely share information.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Presentation layer in the OSI model is responsible for managing communications between computers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Network layer in the OSI model is responsible for logical addressing and routing of packets in the TCP/IP model.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Physical layer in the OSI model translates computer data into bursts of light for fiber optics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Application Layer in the OSI model includes protocols such as DHCP, HTTP, and IMAP.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Transport layer in the OSI model breaks data into packets and properly transmits them over the network.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Data Link layer in the OSI model assigns IP addresses to devices and transmits information on computers connected to the same LAN.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is associated with establishing a dedicated communication path between two devices for the entire duration of their conversation?

    <p>PPP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the OSI model, which layer is responsible for physically translating computer data into bursts of light for fiber optics?

    <p>Physical layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of network topology involves computers connected to a central device?

    <p>Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Reference Model provides a descriptive framework for computer network protocols and was created by the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1970s?

    <p>Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Reference Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network type consists only of computers and devices that are connected directly?

    <p>Point-to-point network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the TCP/IP model, which layer guarantees a reliable stream of data between two computers?

    <p>Transport layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the TCP/IP model ensures packets are properly validated to ensure they are not corrupted?

    <p>Transport Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the Data Link layer in the OSI model?

    <p>Assigning IP addresses to devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is associated with managing communications between computers at the Application Layer of the OSI model?

    <p>SIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the TCP/IP model, which layer is responsible for routing packets as they move through the network?

    <p>Network Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Physical layer in the OSI model?

    <p>Translating computer data into electrical pulses for copper network cables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the OSI model is responsible for coding data, file formats, character representations, and encryption?

    <p>Presentation Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the OSI model is responsible for the physical translation of computer data into bursts of light for fiber optics?

    <p>Physical Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Mesh network topology?

    <p>Every computer directly connected to all other computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is known for establishing a dedicated communication path between two devices for the entire duration of their conversation?

    <p>ARP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of network consists of computers and devices that are connected directly?

    <p>Point-to-Point Network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the TCP/IP model ensures that packets are properly validated to prevent corruption?

    <p>Data Link Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Extranet provide for authorized external users?

    <p>Securely share information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which suite provides support to nearly all internet-capable operating systems and devices?

    <p>TCP/IP Suite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Logical topology shows how devices in a network connect to a specific segment, while physical topology shows:

    <p><strong>The physical network devices and connections</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization created the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model?

    <p>U.S. Department of Defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network topology involves computers connected in a linear setup?

    <p>Bus Topology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the TCP/IP model is responsible for breaking data into packets and properly transmitting them over the network?

    <p>Transport Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the OSI model is responsible for managing communications between computers?

    <p>Application Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Network Layer in the TCP/IP model?

    <p>Logical addressing and routing packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in the OSI model assigns MAC addresses to devices and transmits information on computers connected to the same LAN?

    <p>Physical Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the Presentation Layer in the OSI model?

    <p>Coding data and file formats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer ensures packet movement between nodes within the same LAN in the TCP/IP model?

    <p>Data Link Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Data Link layer in the OSI model mainly handle?

    <p>Assigning MAC addresses to devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Metropolitan Ethernet Forum (MEF) created?

    <p>In 2001</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization established the IEEE 802.3 standard for Ethernet in 1985?

    <p>IEEE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which years did the standardization of 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet occur?

    <p>1990-2000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did the IEEE launch a study group for 250G and 400G Ethernet?

    <p>2016</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were the standards for 250G and 400G data center Ethernet switch connectivity released?

    <p>1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What service does Metro Ethernet provide for businesses within a metropolitan area network (MAN)?

    <p>Local network extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization endorsed the 10 Mbps DIX Standard in the 1980s?

    <p>Xerox and DEC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When were the standards for 250G (250 GigE) and 400G (400 GigE) released for data center Ethernet switch connectivity?

    <p>2013</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Metropolitan Ethernet Forum (MEF) aim to speed up the adoption of in 2001?

    <p>WAN connectivity solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which significant event occurred in 1995 in the realm of Ethernet standards?

    <p>Standardization of 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what time period did the standardization of 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet take place?

    <p>1990-2000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology was developed by Xerox in 1973 that laid the foundation for future developments in Ethernet?

    <p>Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization established IEEE 802.3 as a lasting standard in networking?

    <p>Xerox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1. A network can consist of at least two connected computers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes how to interconnect LANs and networks regardless of the technique?

    <p>Internetworking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of network device is required to implement internetworking at the Data Link Layer?

    <p>Bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A MAC layer bridge examines the Destination MAC layer address to make a filtering or forwarding decision.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A router makes a path determination decision by examining the Destination network number within an IP packet.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cut-through switching starts forwarding packets as soon as the device reads the destination address.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Network Topologies

    • Mesh Topology: Every computer is directly connected to all other computers, providing high redundancy and reliability.
    • Ring Topology: Computers are connected in a closed circle, where each computer is connected to two others, forming a continuous loop.
    • Star Topology: Involves computers connected to a central device, allowing for easier management and troubleshooting.
    • Point-to-Point Network: Creates a dedicated communication path between two devices for the entire duration of their conversation.
    • Linear Topology: Involves computers connected in a straight line, often referred to as a bus topology.

    Network Protocols and Models

    • MTD: Stands for Multi-Threat Detection, referring to endpoint security solutions designed to counter various threats.
    • TCP: Stands for Transmission Control Protocol, part of the TCP/IP suite, providing reliable data transmission between two devices.
    • OSI Model: Governs communication between computer systems, consisting of seven layers, each with distinct functions.
    • TCP/IP Model: Framework created by the U.S. Department of Defense, consisting of four layers that facilitate network communication.
    • Application Layer Protocols: Includes protocols like DHCP, HTTP, and IMAP, managing data exchange for applications.

    OSI Model Layers

    • Presentation Layer: Responsible for coding data, file formats, character representations, and encryption.
    • Application Layer: Manages communications and supports various application-level protocols.
    • Transport Layer: Ensures reliable stream of data, breaks data into packets, and validates packet integrity.
    • Network Layer: Oversees logical addressing and routing of packets through the network; responsible for routing decisions.
    • Data Link Layer: Assigns MAC addresses, ensures proper communication for devices on the same LAN, and manages error correction.
    • Physical Layer: Translates data into physical signals (e.g., bursts of light for fiber optics) for transmission over different media.

    Ethernet and Standards

    • Metropolitan Ethernet Forum (MEF): Established in 2001 to accelerate the adoption of Ethernet services.
    • IEEE Standards: The IEEE 802.3 standard for Ethernet was established in 1985, with enhancements like 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet standardized in the 1990s.
    • 250G and 400G Ethernet: Standards for data center connectivity were developed and released in specific years, demonstrating advancements in Ethernet technology.
    • DIX Standard: The 10 Mbps DIX Standard was endorsed in the 1980s, promoting early Ethernet usage.

    Networking Devices

    • MAC Layer Bridge: Required for implementing internetworking at the Data Link Layer, analyzing MAC addresses for filtering and forwarding decisions.
    • Router: Examines the Destination network number in IP packets for route determination, facilitating internet communication between different networks.

    General Networking Concepts

    • Logical vs. Physical Topology: Logical topology defines connectivity within a network segment, while physical topology shows actual connections and layout.
    • Cut-through Switching: A technique that begins forwarding packets immediately upon reading the destination address, minimizing delay.
    • ARP Protocol: Handles routing decisions to move packets from source to destination, ensuring effective communication across networks.
    • Extranet: Publicly allows secure information sharing for authorized external users, expanding organizational communication.

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    Description

    Learn about the layers in TCP/IP protocol suite (Layer 4: Application Layer, Layer 3: Transport Layer) and OSI model (Application, Presentation, Session). Understand the functions and protocols associated with each layer.

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