Law of Superposition Flashcards

Study Notes

Law of Superposition

A principle in geology that determines the relative ages of sedimentary rock layers.
In horizontal layers, each layer is older than the one above it and younger than the one below.
The youngest layer is at the top and the oldest is at the bottom.

Sedimentary Rock

Formed through the compaction and cementation of particles from existing rocks or organic materials.
Key components include minerals, fragments of other rocks, and biological remains.

Fossil

Represents preserved remains or traces of ancient living organisms found in sedimentary rock.
Provides critical information about past life forms and the environment.

Relative Dating

Involves determining the age of an object or event in relation to others.
Does not provide exact dates but rather sequences in geological history.

Absolute Dating

Involves techniques that assess the actual age of fossils or rock layers.
Uses methods like radiometric dating to pinpoint specific ages.

Index Fossil

Refers to fossils of organisms known to have existed during a specific geological time frame.
Useful for dating and correlating the age of rock layers across different locations.

Geologic Time Column

A visual representation of Earth's geological history, outlining major events and life forms.
Helps establish the timeline of Earth's evolution and major geological changes.

Seafloor Spreading

A geological process where new oceanic crust forms at mid-ocean ridges as tectonic plates diverge.
Contributes to the movement of continents and the overall structure of the Earth’s crust.

Continental Drift

A theory proposing that continents were once part of a single landmass that fragmented and drifted apart.
Explains the geographical distribution of continents and related geological phenomena.

Description

Explore key concepts related to the Law of Superposition through engaging flashcards. This quiz highlights important terminology and definitions in geology, particularly focusing on sedimentary rocks and fossils. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of geological principles.