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What is law enforcement's role within the Criminal Justice System (CJS)?
Law enforcement serves as the first pillar of the CJS, responsible for maintaining public order, preventing crime, and enforcing laws.
What are the four general categories of powers and functions of the Philippine National Police (PNP) under R.A. 6975?
The four categories are law enforcement, crime prevention, investigation, and community service.
Define 'buy-bust operation' in the context of law enforcement.
A buy-bust operation is a covert method conducted by law enforcement to apprehend drug offenders by first allowing an undercover agent to purchase illegal drugs.
What is the importance of arrest in the administration of the Criminal Justice System?
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Explain the term 'probable cause' in the context of arrest.
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What constitutes a search warrant and what are its requisites?
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What is the general rule regarding evidence obtained in violation of arrest and search and seizure procedures?
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Describe the main functions and significance of police patrol in law enforcement.
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What are the primary duties of arresting officers when executing a warrantless arrest?
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What is the concept of 'Rationing' in law enforcement and how does it relate to crime control functions?
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Study Notes
Law Enforcement in the Criminal Justice System (CJS)
- Fundamental pillar within the administration of the CJS.
- Responsible for upholding law and order, preventing crime, and maintaining public safety.
Functions of Law Enforcement
- Crime Prevention: Engaging in proactive measures to deter criminal activity.
- Crime Detection: Investigating and uncovering offenses to bring perpetrators to justice.
- Arrest Powers: Authority to detain individuals suspected of committing a crime.
- Community Engagement: Building relationships with the community to foster cooperation and trust.
Philippine National Police (PNP)
- Main law enforcement agency in the Philippines.
- Executes public safety, law enforcement, and crime fighting initiatives.
Powers and Functions of the PNP (Under R.A. 6975)
- Prevention and Suppression of Crime: Involvement in measures to deter criminal acts.
- Enforcement of Laws: Application of various laws, ordinances, and regulations.
- Maintenance of Peace and Order: Ensuring safety and security in communities.
- Community Service: Engaging in programs that enhance community welfare.
Community-Service Function
- Integration of police activities in community programs to improve public trust and safety.
Neighborhood Team Policing
- Collaborative approach where police officers work closely with community members to address local issues.
PNP Relations with Other Law Enforcement Agencies
- Coordinates with other agencies for shared resources, information, and efforts in crime fighting and public safety initiatives.
Crime Detection in the CJS
- Essential process for identifying and apprehending criminals.
- Employs various methods including surveillance, informants, and forensic analysis.
How Crime is Detected
- Involves gathering evidence and intelligence to understand criminal activities.
- Utilizes both proactive and reactive strategies.
Most Important Part of Crime Detection
- Accurate gathering and analysis of evidence to ensure successful prosecution.
Buy-Bust Operation
- Undercover operation aimed at capturing drug dealers in the act of selling illegal substances.
Crime Control Functions and "Rationing" in Law Enforcement
- Crime control functions encompass various strategies to limit and prevent crime.
- "Rationing" refers to the allocation of limited resources to maximize crime prevention efforts.
Arrest and Search Warrant
- Arrest Definition: Detaining an individual suspected of a crime.
- Importance of Arrest: Crucial in preventing further criminal acts and ensuring accountability.
- Probable Cause: Reasonable basis to believe a crime has been committed, justifying an arrest.
- Search Warrant Definition: Legal document authorizing law enforcement to conduct a search.
- Requisites for Issuance: Must specify the location, items to be searched for, and be supported by probable cause.
- Personal Properties to be Seized: Items directly related to the crime for which the warrant was issued.
General Rule in Effecting an Arrest
- Arrests must be conducted under legally permissible conditions to ensure rights are respected.
Duties of Arresting Officers
- Officers must identify themselves, communicate the reason for arrest, and inform suspects of their rights.
Exception to the General Rule of Arrest
- Warrantless arrests can be made under specific circumstances, such as in the case of flagrant felonies.
General Rule in Effecting Search and Seizure
- Searches should be conducted with a warrant to protect constitutional rights.
Exception to the General Rule of Search
- Exigent circumstances may allow for warrantless searches to prevent evidence destruction or ensure safety.
Limitation of Police Powers
- Restrictions exist to protect individual rights and prevent abuse of power by law enforcement.
Evidence Admissibility
- Unlawfully obtained evidence may be deemed inadmissible in court due to violations of rights.
Rule on Unlawfully Obtained Evidence
- Known as "exclusionary rule," which prevents illegally obtained evidence from being used against the accused.
Importance of Police Patrol in the CJS
- Enhances community presence and deters potential criminal activities through visible law enforcement.
Purpose of Patrol
- Aims to maintain public safety, gather intelligence, and respond rapidly to incidents within the community.
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Description
This quiz explores the crucial role of law enforcement within the criminal justice system, focusing on agencies like the Philippine National Police (PNP). It covers functions such as crime prevention, detection, and community engagement, as well as the powers vested in law enforcement. Test your knowledge on how these functions contribute to maintaining public safety.
