Law and Society Quiz

According to Black's Law Dictionary, what is the definition of law?

Which of the following is NOT typically a function of law in a nation?

What is a key characteristic of authoritarian governments regarding law and its function?

What was a frequent consequence of European colonial rule in many nations, with respect to the law?

What is 'genocide' as described in the text?

What is one of the potential issues that former colonies of European nations have?

Which statement best describes the relationship between law and social change, as discussed in the text?

In the context of different legal systems, what was a key function of law in the empires discussed, prior to the twentieth century?

Which of the following best describes the situation where a central power's removal leads to power vacuums, as seen in the former Soviet Union?

In the context of the text, how are state judges typically selected in the United States?

What is a key challenge described regarding the confirmation of federal judges in the U.S.?

What is the primary factor in determining who has the authority to make and enforce laws in most nation-states?

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of legal positivism?

What does the text suggest about the relationship between law and politics?

What is one reason why unstable or authoritarian governments may fail to serve the principal functions of law?

How might a positivist analyze a speed limit law, according to the provided text?

What does the example of King Herod's decree illustrate regarding legal positivism?

The text suggests which of the following in regards to revolutions?

What is meant by the term ‘sovereign’ as it relates to a nation-state in the context of the text?

Which of the following is the best example illustrating the main point of ‘legal realism’?

How might someone living under an unjust law attempt to avoid its impact?

What is the primary focus of the philosophy of law, also known as jurisprudence?

Which concept does the text introduce as transcending human-made laws?

What does the term 'stare decisis' mean?

Which area of law deals with agreements that courts should enforce?

If an individual is harmed by a false statement by a competitor, what type of law would usually apply?

In which type of case would a plaintiff be seeking remedies due of some kind of injury, without any contract existing?

Which of the following best describes a 'case of first impression'?

Which system of law was primarily utilized in the original colonies before independence?

If a state's supreme court has ruled on a specific issue, what must lower courts in that state do.

What was the primary area that state courts exercised power over in the early years of the United States?

What differentiates a criminal case from a civil case?

According to the document, what is a potential consequence of breaking a criminal law?

In a civil case, what could a losing defendant potentially have to do, but they would not go to prison?

What is the primary difference between civil and criminal law?

According to the natural-law school of legal thought, what is the primary basis for determining the legitimacy of laws?

If you see 'U.S. v. Johnson' in a trial caption, what is the most likely type of case?

Which of the following describes procedural law?

What is the view of civil disobedience according to the natural-law school of thought?

If you drive over the speed limit, which kind of law have you violated?

Which document embodies a natural-law philosophy?

The idea that rights are 'unalienable,' as expressed in the Declaration of Independence, can be traced back to which school of thought?

What is a fundamental argument of legal positivists against natural law?

What is the central argument of the historical school of law?

What was a key principle behind the legal realist school of thought?

Martin Luther King Jr.'s 'Letter from Birmingham Jail' aligns most closely with which legal school of thought?

Which of the following best describes the term 'a priori' as used in the discussion on equality?

Why did Rosa Parks refuse to give up her seat to a white person on the bus?

Which of the following describes positive law?

What is a central theme of the natural law view as it relates to 'consent of the governed'?

According to the natural law perspective described in the text, what does breaking an unjust law demonstrate?

According to the content, what is considered more difficult to know or understand?

What do legal realists emphasize more than formal application of precedent?

What is the primary criticism of the legal realist perspective regarding judicial decision-making?

Which school of thought is most directly influenced by the legal realist perspective?

According to the Critical Legal Studies (CLS) school, how is social order maintained and by which group?

How does the ecofeminist school of legal thought relate the treatment of women to the treatment of the natural world?

According to ecofeminist legal theory, how does male ownership of land affect the natural environment?

Which legal school emphasizes the command of a sovereign as the core of law?

Which basic function does the law primarily serve, despite its inability to correct every wrong in society?

Which statement reflects the relationship between ethics and the law as described in the content?

Why did judges in England begin writing down the facts and reasoning of their decisions?

What is the meaning of the term 'stare decisis' in the context of common law?

Which is an example of something that is considered 'wrong' but is NOT likely to result in a viable lawsuit?

How do legal systems typically view and treat private property ownership?

What is the core concept of reasoning by 'analogy' in legal decision making?

Which legal school of thought emphasizes the rights and duties of both government and the governed?

How does the content describe a 'precedent' in the context of common law?

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution ensures 'due process of law' at the state level?

What is the primary distinction between criminal law and civil law?

What are the primary sources of law within the U.S. legal system?

What characterizes customary international law?

How can a state law be invalidated?

Why is it difficult to amend the U.S. Constitution?

What does it mean for a law to provide a 'cause of action'?

How are U.S. representatives chosen?

Which of the following best describes the role of the U.S. Senate?

What is the significance of the due process clause found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments?

In the context of a speeding violation, what might be relevant as evidence to determine whether a traffic law was fairly applied?

Why is a person's bragging about committing a crime potentially relevant in a court case?

What is a key feature of a state constitution in the U.S.?

What is a key purpose of the census in the United States?

What does the case of Virginia Rulon-Miller vs IBM illustrate about employee rights?

According to the content, what distinguishes common-law systems from civil-law systems?

What is the main source of growth and change in civil-law systems, according to the text?

Why is it said that "The law is in the code, not in the cases" in civil-law systems?

What is the doctrine of "jurisprudence constante" in civil-law systems?

Which of the following legal systems operates on assumptions different from those of both English common law and European civil law?

What is the historical reason behind the prevalence of civil-law systems in many former European colonies?

What is the main distinction between US civil law and European civil law as discussed in the text?

What is the "employment at will" rule in common law?

What is the primary purpose of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

What is the key difference between "quid pro quo" and "hostile work environment" sexual harassment?

How did Congress respond to sexual harassment, which was not explicitly mentioned in Title VII?

What is a 'writ of certiorari'?

What was the main issue the Supreme Court wanted to resolve in the Teresa Harris case?

Why does the Supreme Court choose its cases carefully?

In the context of the legal systems discussed, who or what is the main driver of change in the law?

How does the legal system in the United States demonstrate a blend of common law and statutory law?

What happens if a bill is reported out of committee?

What role does a conference committee serve in the legislative process?

What is required for Congress to override a presidential veto?

Which body of Congress is responsible for ratifying treaties?

What characterizes the authority of administrative agencies created by Congress?

What is the purpose of the Federal Register?

What type of law does common law typically refer to?

How did common law evolve in the United States?

What happens if a state law conflicts with the Constitution?

Which of the following best describes the change from common law to statutory law?

What is one function of municipal ordinances?

Which of these is an example of an administrative agency?

What precedes statutory law in the hierarchy of laws?

What must state legislatures do before a law making a specific action illegal can be enacted?

What is a primary reason courts rely on precedent in decision-making?

How do courts articulate general rules from case decisions?

What would be a potential outcome if a court decided an employee's firing was not legally actionable?

Which statement about common law is accurate?

What legal principle would allow an employee to sue an employer for wrongful termination if the employee refused to commit perjury?

What is a holding in the context of a court decision?

What distinguishes the common law system from other legal systems?

What consequence can arise from a lack of applicable statutes in a case?

Why might judicial reasoning vary among judges?

What is one challenge courts face when interpreting the law?

How can administrative agencies contribute to the U.S. legal system?

What authority does the federal government have regarding treaties?

How does the U.S. Constitution impact state laws?

What role does the concept of 'freedom of choice' play in employment law cases?

What is a key characteristic of the judicial decision-making process in the common law tradition?

What behavior did Charles Hardy exhibit toward Harris that contributed to the environment being perceived as abusive?

What was the court's rationale for not finding Hardy's conduct as creating an abusive work environment?

What specific interaction did Harris have with Hardy regarding his conduct?

What was one significant impact of Hardy’s behavior on Harris's decision to leave Forklift?

According to the ruling, what must conduct reach in order to create legal implications under Title VII?

What type of harassment was NOT present in Harris's case against Forklift?

What standard did the District Court apply to assess whether Hardy's conduct created an abusive environment?

How did the court's findings reflect on the broader interpretation of Title VII?

What was the outcome of Harris's lawsuit against Forklift?

What type of misconduct did Hardy display towards female employees, including Harris?

Why did the court describe Harris's case as 'a close case'?

What effect did the court assert that a discriminatorily abusive work environment could have without serious psychological injury?

What is an essential factor in determining whether conduct creates an abusive work environment?

What was one of Hardy's inappropriate behaviors mentioned in the case?

What is not required for an employee to win a Title VII sexual harassment claim?

Which factor is relevant to determining whether an environment is hostile or abusive?

How did the District Court err in its application of standards in this case?

Which of the following does Title VII bar?

In assessing whether a work environment is hostile, which element is not considered?

What broad principle does this case establish regarding Title VII sexual harassment claims?

Which aspect did the Supreme Court focus on to determine the nature of harassment?

What fundamental legal education element was briefly covered in this chapter?

What may influence the perception of a work environment being abusive or hostile?

Which is a primary source of law that will negate inconsistent lower-court laws?

In the case of distinct legal approaches, what are the two main systems compared?

What determines the appropriate legal rule to apply in a case where there is no established precedent?

Which of the following factors does not typically contribute to a court's decision-making process?

What aspect did feminist legal studies scholars fear would change after this ruling?

Which of the following is NOT a recognized example of how a US treaty obligation can override domestic law?

What is the significance of the US losing a dispute settlement at the GATT panel concerning tuna fishing methods?

Why is NAFTA considered to have been legally and politically dead if Ross Perot had won the 1992 election?