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Questions and Answers
The peroneal tendons share a synovial sheath that extends from above the lateral malleolus to the point where they individually insert.
The peroneal tendons share a synovial sheath that extends from above the lateral malleolus to the point where they individually insert.
False (B)
Both peroneus longus and peroneus brevis are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve.
Both peroneus longus and peroneus brevis are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve.
False (B)
The lateral compartment of the leg is positioned between the tibial surface of the fibula and the deep fascia of the leg.
The lateral compartment of the leg is positioned between the tibial surface of the fibula and the deep fascia of the leg.
False (B)
Eversion of the foot is a primary action of both the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles.
Eversion of the foot is a primary action of both the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles.
The lateral compartment of the leg includes the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
The lateral compartment of the leg includes the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Peroneus brevis plays a significant role in maintaining both the lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot.
Peroneus brevis plays a significant role in maintaining both the lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot.
Blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg is primarily derived from branches of the anterior tibial artery.
Blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg is primarily derived from branches of the anterior tibial artery.
The superficial peroneal nerve originates from the tibial nerve.
The superficial peroneal nerve originates from the tibial nerve.
The superficial peroneal nerve initially runs within the peroneus longus muscle before emerging.
The superficial peroneal nerve initially runs within the peroneus longus muscle before emerging.
Venous drainage from the lateral compartment of the leg flows predominantly into the great saphenous vein.
Venous drainage from the lateral compartment of the leg flows predominantly into the great saphenous vein.
The anterior intermuscular septum is located posterior to the point where the superficial peroneal nerve emerges from the peroneus longus muscle.
The anterior intermuscular septum is located posterior to the point where the superficial peroneal nerve emerges from the peroneus longus muscle.
Peroneus longus muscle originates from the lower two-thirds of the peroneal surface of the fibula.
Peroneus longus muscle originates from the lower two-thirds of the peroneal surface of the fibula.
The superficial peroneal nerve branches into medial and lateral cutaneous branches after piercing the deep fascia in the lower leg.
The superficial peroneal nerve branches into medial and lateral cutaneous branches after piercing the deep fascia in the lower leg.
The tendon of peroneus brevis is situated anterior to the lateral malleolus.
The tendon of peroneus brevis is situated anterior to the lateral malleolus.
The peroneus longus tendon inserts into the tuberosity of the navicular bone and the intermediate cuneiform.
The peroneus longus tendon inserts into the tuberosity of the navicular bone and the intermediate cuneiform.
The medial and lateral branches of the superficial peroneal nerve are easily palpable as ridges under the skin, facilitated by dorsiflexion of the foot.
The medial and lateral branches of the superficial peroneal nerve are easily palpable as ridges under the skin, facilitated by dorsiflexion of the foot.
If the tibial nerve is paralyzed, the peroneus longus and brevis muscles become dorsiflexors of the foot.
If the tibial nerve is paralyzed, the peroneus longus and brevis muscles become dorsiflexors of the foot.
The superior peroneal retinaculum extends from the medial malleolus to the calcaneus.
The superior peroneal retinaculum extends from the medial malleolus to the calcaneus.
The inferior peroneal retinaculum is attached to the tibial trochlea and the calcaneus.
The inferior peroneal retinaculum is attached to the tibial trochlea and the calcaneus.
The upper part of the inferior peroneal retinaculum is continuous with the stem of the Y-shaped superior extensor retinaculum.
The upper part of the inferior peroneal retinaculum is continuous with the stem of the Y-shaped superior extensor retinaculum.
Flashcards
Lateral Compartment of Leg
Lateral Compartment of Leg
Muscular compartment between the fibula and deep fascia of the leg, containing peroneus longus and brevis muscles and the superficial peroneal nerve.
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Longus
Arises from the upper two-thirds of the fibula and inserts into the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
Peroneus Brevis
Peroneus Brevis
Arises from the lower two-thirds of the fibula and inserts into the base of the fifth metatarsal.
Superior Peroneal Retinaculum
Superior Peroneal Retinaculum
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Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum
Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum
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Peroneal Trochlea
Peroneal Trochlea
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Sesamoid Fibrocartilage (Peroneus Longus)
Sesamoid Fibrocartilage (Peroneus Longus)
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Anterior Intermuscular Septum (Leg)
Anterior Intermuscular Septum (Leg)
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Posterior Intermuscular Septum (Leg)
Posterior Intermuscular Septum (Leg)
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Peroneal Artery's role
Peroneal Artery's role
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Common Synovial Sheath
Common Synovial Sheath
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Action of Peroneus Muscles
Action of Peroneus Muscles
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Peroneus Longus Function
Peroneus Longus Function
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Test for Peroneus Tendons
Test for Peroneus Tendons
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Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Division of Common Peroneal Nerve
Division of Common Peroneal Nerve
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Course of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Course of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Muscles Supplied by Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Muscles Supplied by Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Deep Fascia
Deep Fascia
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Branches of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Branches of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Study Notes
- The lateral compartment of the leg is situated between the peroneal surface of the fibula and the deep fascia of the leg
- It is confined by the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa
Contents of the Lateral Compartment
- Peroneus longus muscle
- Peroneus brevis muscle
- Superficial peroneal nerve
Blood Supply
- Branches of the peroneal artery that perforate the flexor hallucis longus
- Branches of the peroneal artery that pierce the posterior intermuscular septum
Venous Drainage
- Drains primarily into the small saphenous vein
Peroneus Longus Origin
- Upper two-thirds of the fibula's peroneal surface
- Head of the fibula
- Small area of the lateral tibial condyle (across the superior tibiofibular joint)
- Intermuscular septa
Peroneus Brevis Origin
- Lower two-thirds of the fibula
- Middle third of the fibula; its origin is anterior to that of peroneus longus
Tendon Positions at Lateral Malleolus
- The broad peroneus brevis tendon lies behind (and grooves) the lateral malleolus
- The narrower peroneus longus tendon lies on the peroneus brevis tendon and does not touch the malleolus
Tendon Passage
- The tendons runs forward to the peroneal trochlea on the lateral surface of the calcaneus, which separates them
Peroneus Brevis Insertion
- Tip of the tubercle (styloid process) at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone (above the peroneal trochlea)
Peroneus Longus Insertion
- Base of the first metatarsal
- Adjoining part of the medial cuneiform (after passing below the peroneal trochlea and across the sole obliquely)
Sesamoid Fibrocartilage
- Peroneus longus' tendon has a sesamoid fibrocartilage in the groove on the cuboid bone which can ossify
Superior Peroneal Retinaculum
- A band of deep fascia
- Extends from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the calcaneus
- Binds down tendons at the lateral malleolus
Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum
- A band of fascia
- Attached to the peroneal trochlea
- Attached to the calcaneus, both above and below the peroneal tendons
- Continuous with the stem of the Y-shaped inferior extensor retinaculum on its upper part
Synovial Sheath
- Both tendons are enclosed in a common synovial sheath
- Runs from above the lateral malleolus to the peroneal trochlea
- The sheath divides to accompany each tendon to its insertion
Nerve Supply to Muscles
- Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1) supplies both peroneus longus and brevis
Action of Peroneus Longus and Brevis
- Eversion of the foot
- Weak plantarflexion of the foot
- Act as plantarflexors if the tibial nerve is paralyzed
- Peroneus longus helps maintain the lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot
Test for Peroneus Longus and Brevis
- Evert the foot
- Tendons can be seen and felt below the lateral malleolus
Superficial Peroneal Nerve Origin
- Begins as a division of the common peroneal nerve within the peroneus longus muscle
Nerve Pathway
- Passes downward within the peroneus longus muscle
- Emerges at the anterior border behind the anterior intermuscular septum
- Supplies both peronei muscles
- Pierces the deep fascia halfway down the leg and soon divides into medial and lateral branches
Visualization
- In thin individuals, the nerve branches can be seen or felt as ridges under the skin
- Made more prominent by full plantar flexion of the foot
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