Language Teaching Methods Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of the deductive approach?

  • Begins with specific examples
  • Involves moving from specific instances to a general understanding
  • Encourages students to induce general rules
  • Starts with the presentation of a general rule or principle (correct)

In the inductive approach, what is the initial focus?

  • Specific examples (correct)
  • Application of a rule to specific instances
  • General rules or concepts
  • Clear understanding of the rule first

What is the direction of approach in the deductive method?

  • Lateral
  • Spiral
  • Bottom-up
  • Top-down (correct)

What is the primary aim of the inductive approach?

<p>Guiding students to discover or induce the general rule or concept (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PPP stand for in the context of teaching?

<p>Presentation, Practice, Production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the PPP model, what is emphasized in the production phase?

<p>Integration of form and meaning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)?

<p>Completion of communicative tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the philosophy behind Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)?

<p>Learners receive explicit instruction, practice the new language in controlled exercises, and then apply it in more open-ended, communicative tasks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of the PPP model?

<p>Might not emphasize communication as much (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the PPP model?

<p>Provides clear structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the presentation phase in the PPP model?

<p>Introduces new language items, explaining rules and providing examples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the practice phase in the PPP model?

<p>Learners engage in controlled exercises, drills, or activities to reinforce the new language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the production phase in the PPP model?

<p>Students apply the language in more open-ended tasks, such as discussions or role-plays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)?

<p>Provides real-world context (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)?

<p>May lack clear structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TBLT primarily focus on?

<p>Completion of communicative tasks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method aimed for a natural learning environment by teaching entirely in L2 and emphasizing communication through explanation, dramatization, and use of visuals?

<p>Direct Method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method focused on grammar drills and translation between L1 and Latin, with less attention to pronunciation or communicative aspects?

<p>Grammar Translation Method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method aimed to enable basic communication with native speakers within a few weeks by conducting classes entirely in English and focusing on speaking and listening skills?

<p>Audiolingualism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method involved minimal speech production from the teacher, with students speaking most of the time and using physical elements like colored rods and charts for learning?

<p>Silent Way (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method assigned the teacher the role of a counselor and the student the role of a client, with a focus on understanding students' feelings, thoughts, and motivation without a set syllabus or textbook?

<p>Community Language Learning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method was criticized by linguists, including Noam Chomsky, for its limitations?

<p>Audiolingualism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method presents specific examples first, leading to the discovery of a general rule?

<p>Inductive teaching (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is deductive teaching considered suitable?

<p>When learners need a clear structure or when dealing with complex concepts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the input hypothesis, when do learners acquire language best?

<p>When they receive comprehensible input slightly above their current level of proficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the output hypothesis emphasize the importance of?

<p>Producing language, even if imperfect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does noticing-conscious use highlight?

<p>Learners' awareness of their language production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis propose?

<p>Learners must consciously notice linguistic features in the input for acquisition to occur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do learners actively pay attention to while reading or listening, according to the text?

<p>Specific grammatical structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the interaction hypothesis emphasize the significance of?

<p>Communication and meaningful interaction between learners and speakers of the target language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Long's Interaction Hypothesis, how is language best acquired?

<p>Through interactive communication and negotiation of meaning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pushed output' refer to in language learning?

<p>Encouraging learners to produce language beyond their current proficiency level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between explicit and implicit knowledge in language learning?

<p>Explicit knowledge is conscious and easily articulated, while implicit knowledge is often unconscious and acquired through exposure and experience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Ellis (2005), what should instructional focus predominantly be on in language learning?

<p>Developing implicit knowledge while not neglecting explicit knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of any instructional program, according to the text?

<p>The ability to communicate fluently and confidently in the L2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Interface Hypothesis have non-interface, interface, and weak interface positions on?

<p>The development of implicit knowledge from explicit knowledge through communicative practice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor has influenced the evolution of language teaching methods from the Grammar Translation Method to current methods?

<p>Social, political, and psychological influences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the aim of the Grammar Translation Method in language teaching?

<p>To develop students' mental ability and ability to translate and read literary texts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What have language teaching methods evolved to from the Grammar Translation Method?

<p>Communicative Language Teaching and Content and Language Integrated Learning methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has influenced the evolution of English as a foreign language in teaching methods?

<p>Social, political, and psychological factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Suggestopedia?

<p>Use of classical music during explanation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the emphasis of Total Physical Response method?

<p>Listening before speaking and synchronizing language with the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)?

<p>Learning to communicate through interaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of CLT?

<p>Effective communication in real-life situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of CLT?

<p>Difficulty in detecting the influence of the student's mother tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a CLT lesson teach the past tense of the verb 'to be'?

<p>Through discussions about historical characters and their biographies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of questions might be included in a CLT lesson to elicit practice of the past tense of the verb 'to be'?

<p>Identifying birthplace, orphan status, and socioeconomic background of historical figures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Suggestopedia from other methods?

<p>Use of classical music and controlled teacher input (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of Total Physical Response method?

<p>Correlation between language and movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of CLT lessons?

<p>Learning to communicate through interaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of CLT?

<p>Effective communication in real-life situations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of CLT?

<p>Difficulty in detecting the influence of the student's mother tongue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the primary focus be in designing language tasks?

<p>Semantic and pragmatic meaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of presenting learners with a 'gap' in language tasks?

<p>To prompt communication and convey information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary philosophy behind language learning in the context of meaningful and purposeful communication?

<p>Semantic and pragmatic meaning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the role of language pragmatics in task design?

<p>It is the primary focus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of learners are found to benefit more from oral corrective feedback?

<p>High proficiency learners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of indirect feedback methods in language learning?

<p>Deeper linguistic reflection and cognitive engagement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of direct correction approaches in language learning?

<p>Interrupt communication flow and impact students' self-esteem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing students with a table to fill in the type of error made and the corrections given in language learning?

<p>Engage them in feedback analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when choosing an error correction method in language learning?

<p>The proficiency level of learners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of making notes and providing written metalinguistic explanations in subsequent sessions in language learning?

<p>To address the cons of error correction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of written corrective feedback in language learning?

<p>Ensures errors do not go unnoticed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do indirect feedback methods in language learning involve?

<p>Marking errors in a text and asking students to make corrections themselves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of providing immediate correction in language learning?

<p>Interrupts communication flow and impacts students' self-esteem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus when using indirect feedback methods in language learning?

<p>Deeper linguistic reflection and cognitive engagement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of oral error correction methods in language learning?

<p>Addressing errors in output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of high proficiency learners in receiving oral corrective feedback?

<p>Benefit more from oral corrective feedback (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary emphasis of task-based language teaching?

<p>Real-world activities and elicitation of language and communicative behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)?

<p>Teaching subjects in the curriculum while improving foreign or second language skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key role of the teacher in task-based language teaching?

<p>Essential for motivation and input enhancement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the pros of task-based language teaching?

<p>Emphasis on real communication and learner autonomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the stages of task-based language teaching?

<p>Task planning, task performance, language focus, and reporting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of CLIL in relation to language learning?

<p>Opening language learning to a broader range of learners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the teacher in CLIL?

<p>Facilitating and adapting tasks for diverse learner profiles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to motivate learners in task-based language teaching?

<p>Task relevance, clear objectives, choice and autonomy, collaborative learning, feedback, and variety and creativity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of the task in task-based language teaching?

<p>Achieving communicative ends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of CLIL in terms of language learning?

<p>Improving foreign or second language skills while teaching subjects in the curriculum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the teacher in CLIL?

<p>Facilitating and adapting tasks for diverse learner profiles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to motivate learners in task-based language teaching?

<p>Task relevance, clear objectives, choice and autonomy, collaborative learning, feedback, and variety and creativity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to behaviorist view, how is language learning treated?

<p>As environmentally determined and controlled from outside by stimuli and reinforcement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mentalist theory emphasize in language learning?

<p>The learner's 'black box' and minimal exposure triggering acquisition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intake refer to in language learning?

<p>The input processed and learned by the student (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does output refer to in language learning?

<p>The production that students make of their second language after the process of learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction made by Corder between input and intake?

<p>Input refers to what could have entered the learner's brain, while intake refers to what actually did enter it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does uptake refer to in language learning?

<p>The learner's active incorporation or use of the language input they have internalized or understood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is comprehensible input in language learning?

<p>Language input that learners can understand, despite encountering some elements slightly beyond their current level of linguistic competence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the interactionist theory acknowledge in language activities?

<p>The importance of both input and internal language processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the mentalist perspective?

<p>Minimal exposure to a new language triggering the learner's innate ability to acquire language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the example of an interactionist approach in language learning?

<p>Language learning through meaningful interactions, combining linguistic environment with the learner's internal processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the behaviorist approach in language learning?

<p>Treating language learning as environmentally determined and controlled from outside by the stimuli learned and the reinforcement they receive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), what approach leads to more successful language absorption?

<p>Reducing direct language teaching and increasing content teaching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Foreign Language Learning (FLL) and Second Language Acquisition (SLA), where does FLL take place?

<p>In countries where the language is not official (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'input' refer to in language learning?

<p>Linguistic information or material that individuals receive and process as they learn a language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a technique for maximizing language learning in CLIL?

<p>Guiding students through experiments or activities that relate to their lives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential challenge for parents in some autonomous communities regarding language learning?

<p>Studying three languages can be chaotic for parents when it comes to homework (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of book reading in language learning?

<p>Helping students concentrate on meaning and familiarizing them with linguistic patterns unconsciously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'intake' refer to in language learning?

<p>The linguistic information or material that individuals receive and process as they learn a language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be part of ongoing training for teachers in CLIL?

<p>Techniques for motivating students in various subjects in English (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the teaching approach in CLIL?

<p>Speaking slowly, using plenty of repetitions, visual aids, and realia initially (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration for teachers in some autonomous communities regarding language learning?

<p>Finding qualified language teachers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the language learning environment in Second Language Acquisition (SLA)?

<p>Taking place where the language is official (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of teaching various subjects in English in secondary education settings?

<p>Requiring the removal of terminology from real texts and the use of realia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Suggestopedia

An interactive teaching method that utilizes controlled teacher input and classical music to facilitate language acquisition.

Total Physical Response (TPR)

A method emphasizing the connection between language and physical movement, prioritizing listening before speaking.

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)

A communicative approach to language teaching that emerged as a faster and more effective alternative to traditional methods.

Communicative Approach

A key principle of CLT that emphasizes learning to communicate through interaction, authentic materials, and focus on the learning process.

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Effective Communication

The primary objective of CLT, aiming for effective communication in real-life situations, prioritizing fluency over grammatical perfection.

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Mother Tongue Influence

A potential drawback of CLT, particularly when the teacher's native language differs significantly from the learner's.

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Historical Figures Lesson

A common example of a CLT lesson, focusing on teaching the past tense of the verb 'to be' through discussions about historical individuals.

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Behaviorist View

A theoretical perspective that views language learning as primarily shaped by external stimuli and reinforcements.

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Rewards and Reinforcements

An example of a behaviorist approach, where students receive positive reinforcement for using correct grammar and vocabulary.

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Mentalist Theories

A theory of language learning that emphasizes the role of the learner's internal mental mechanisms in language acquisition.

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Minimal Exposure

An example of the mentalist perspective where minimal exposure to a new language triggers the learner's innate language acquisition abilities.

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Interactionist Theories

A theory acknowledging the importance of both external input and internal processing in language learning.

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Meaningful Interactions

An example of the interactionist approach where language emerges from meaningful interactions between learners and the language environment.

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Comprehensible Input

Language input that learners can understand, despite encountering some elements slightly beyond their current level of language ability.

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Intake

The language input that learners successfully process and internalize during the learning process.

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Uptake

The learner's active use or incorporation of the language input they have internalized or understood.

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Output

The production or output of the second language by learners after the process of learning and internalizing.

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Input and Intake Distinction

A distinction made by Corder (1967), separating the potential language input from the language that actually enters the learner's brain.

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Uptake and Output

The active incorporation and production of the language input learned by the student.

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Teaching Physical Education in English

A practical example of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) where Physical Education instruction is conducted in English.

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CLIL Teachers

Teachers in CLIL settings who may not be language specialists but need to be competent in the language and adapt to the needs of the curriculum and students.

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Practical Approach to CLIL

A characteristic of teaching various subjects in English in secondary education settings, involving simplifying terminology and using real-world objects.

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Content-Based Learning in CLIL

The principle that suggests language is absorbed more efficiently in CLIL when direct language instruction is minimized and content learning is maximized.

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Motivating Techniques in CLIL

The importance of ongoing training for teachers to incorporate motivating techniques for students in subjects like Physical Education or Science taught in English.

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FLL vs. SLA

The distinction between Foreign Language Learning (FLL) and Second Language Acquisition (SLA), highlighting their respective learning environments.

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Language Input

The amount of language data that students are exposed to, with various theoretical perspectives on its role in language learning.

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Input in Language Learning

Linguistic information or material that individuals receive and process as they learn a language.

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Language Learning Approach

A teaching approach incorporating various strategies to enhance language learning, including speaking slowly, repetitions, visuals, real-world objects, and student collaboration.

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Contextualized Language Learning

Maximizing language learning by connecting activities and experiments to students' lives and providing language support.

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Three-Language Learning

The challenges faced by parents and teachers in autonomous communities where students learn three languages, requiring ongoing training for effective English language instruction across subjects.

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Book Reading in Language Learning

The benefits of book reading in language learning, where students focus on meaning and unconsciously internalize linguistic patterns.

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Study Notes

Language Teaching Methods

  • Suggestopedia is an interactive method that involves controlled teacher input and the use of classical music while explaining.
  • Total Physical Response is based on the correlation between language and movement, emphasizing listening before speaking and synchronizing language with the body.
  • Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emerged as a faster and more effective alternative to traditional methods due to increased language learning needs.
  • CLT emphasizes learning to communicate through interaction, using authentic texts, and focusing on the learning process and personal experiences.
  • The goal of CLT is effective communication in real-life situations, prioritizing fluency over perfection.
  • A disadvantage of CLT is potential problems if the teacher is not from the same region as the learner, making it difficult to detect the influence of the student's mother tongue.
  • An example CLT lesson involves teaching the past tense of the verb "to be" through discussions about historical characters and their biographies.
  • The lesson includes questions to elicit practice of the past tense of the verb "to be," such as identifying birthplace, orphan status, and socioeconomic background of historical figures.

Theories of Language Learning

  • Behaviorist view treats language learning as environmentally determined, controlled from outside by the stimuli learned and the reinforcement they receive
  • Example of behaviorist approach involves using rewards and reinforcements to encourage students to use correct grammar and vocabulary
  • Mentalist theories emphasize the importance of the learner’s ‘black box’, maintaining that minimal exposure triggers acquisition
  • Example of mentalist perspective involves minimal exposure to a new language triggering the learner's innate ability to acquire language
  • Interactionist theories acknowledge the importance of both input and internal language processing in language activities
  • Example of interactionist approach involves language learning through meaningful interactions, combining linguistic environment with the learner's internal processing
  • Comprehensible input refers to language input that learners can understand, despite encountering some elements slightly beyond their current level of linguistic competence
  • Intake refers to the input processed and learned by the student, as distinguished by Corder (1967)
  • Uptake is the learner's active incorporation or use of the language input they have internalized or understood
  • Output refers to the production that students make of their second language after the process of learning
  • Input and intake distinction is made by Corder, distinguishing between what could have entered the learner's brain (input) and what actually did enter it (intake)
  • Uptake and output are the active incorporation and production of the language input learned by the student

Teaching Language in Vocational Settings

  • Teaching Physical Education in English is a practical example of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) that helps students understand commands easily due to limited vocabulary.
  • Teachers who are not language specialists must be competent in the language and adapt to the curriculum and pupils' needs in CLIL.
  • Secondary education settings have a practical approach to teaching various subjects in English, requiring the removal of terminology from real texts and the use of realia.
  • Language is absorbed more successfully in CLIL when direct language teaching is reduced and content teaching is increased.
  • Techniques for motivating students in Physical Education or Science in English should be part of ongoing training.
  • Foreign Language Learning (FLL) and Second Language Acquisition (SLA) differ in the learning environment, with FLL taking place in countries where the language is not official, and SLA taking place where the language is official.
  • Input refers to the amount of language data that students are exposed to, with different views on its concept, such as behaviourist, mentalist, and interactionist views.
  • Input includes linguistic information or material that individuals receive and process as they learn a language.
  • The teaching approach includes speaking slowly, using plenty of repetitions, visual aids, and realia initially, and later encouraging peer cooperative and independent learning to foster continuous language growth.
  • Language learning is maximized by guiding students through experiments or activities that relate to their lives and providing language support.
  • In some autonomous communities, studying three languages can be chaotic for parents when it comes to homework, necessitating ongoing training for teachers to engage students in various subjects in English.
  • Book reading helps students concentrate on meaning, with linguistic patterns becoming familiar to them unconsciously.

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