Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is highlighted as a crucial skill in modern language education?
What is highlighted as a crucial skill in modern language education?
Which macro skills help improve comprehension of both print and nonprint materials?
Which macro skills help improve comprehension of both print and nonprint materials?
According to Canale and Swain (1980), communicative competence involves a synthesis of knowledge and skill needed for communication. What does knowledge refer to in this definition?
According to Canale and Swain (1980), communicative competence involves a synthesis of knowledge and skill needed for communication. What does knowledge refer to in this definition?
Which of the following is NOT considered a macro skill for developing communicative competence?
Which of the following is NOT considered a macro skill for developing communicative competence?
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How do Canale and Swain (1980) define communicative competence?
How do Canale and Swain (1980) define communicative competence?
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What does the development of macro skills enhance in terms of language learning?
What does the development of macro skills enhance in terms of language learning?
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What term does Steven Pinker use to describe the innate grammar rules that children learn?
What term does Steven Pinker use to describe the innate grammar rules that children learn?
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Which concept introduced by Jim Cummins highlights the differences in language proficiency within one's native language?
Which concept introduced by Jim Cummins highlights the differences in language proficiency within one's native language?
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Who proposed the concept of 'domain' to explain how individuals use different native languages in various spheres of life?
Who proposed the concept of 'domain' to explain how individuals use different native languages in various spheres of life?
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In what context might individuals use a foreign language according to the text?
In what context might individuals use a foreign language according to the text?
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Which of the following is NOT a regional language mentioned in the text as potentially being a mother tongue in the Philippines?
Which of the following is NOT a regional language mentioned in the text as potentially being a mother tongue in the Philippines?
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What distinguishes Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) from Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) according to Jim Cummins?
What distinguishes Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) from Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) according to Jim Cummins?
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What is the purpose of a common language or lingua franca?
What is the purpose of a common language or lingua franca?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason for choosing common languages like English, French, or Swahili?
Which of the following is NOT a reason for choosing common languages like English, French, or Swahili?
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What is the role of Swahili as a lingua franca in East Africa?
What is the role of Swahili as a lingua franca in East Africa?
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How do individuals typically acquire proficiency in multiple languages?
How do individuals typically acquire proficiency in multiple languages?
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What does the phrase 'Can or not?' in Singaporean English typically inquire about?
What does the phrase 'Can or not?' in Singaporean English typically inquire about?
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In what settings do common languages like English and French play crucial roles?
In what settings do common languages like English and French play crucial roles?
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What type of communication involves visible signals like gestures and facial expressions?
What type of communication involves visible signals like gestures and facial expressions?
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Which of the following is an example of tactile communication?
Which of the following is an example of tactile communication?
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What do dolphins primarily use chemical communication for?
What do dolphins primarily use chemical communication for?
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Which type of pheromone leads members to food sources and marks territories?
Which type of pheromone leads members to food sources and marks territories?
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In visual communication, what is a common signal of submission in dogs?
In visual communication, what is a common signal of submission in dogs?
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Which of the following animals uses tactile communication for social bonding?
Which of the following animals uses tactile communication for social bonding?
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What distinguishes L1 proficiency from L2 proficiency in terms of instruction?
What distinguishes L1 proficiency from L2 proficiency in terms of instruction?
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At what age are children most adept at learning a second language?
At what age are children most adept at learning a second language?
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How does personality impact second language acquisition in children?
How does personality impact second language acquisition in children?
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What distinguishes the starting point of L1 from L2?
What distinguishes the starting point of L1 from L2?
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In terms of integration into life, how does L1 differ from L2?
In terms of integration into life, how does L1 differ from L2?
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What characterizes the effort required for acquiring L1 as opposed to L2?
What characterizes the effort required for acquiring L1 as opposed to L2?
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Study Notes
Language Acquisition and Communicative Competence
- Receptive and expressive macro skills build a person's knowledge background.
- Viewing, or interpreting visual images, is a crucial skill in modern language education.
- Integrating viewing skills into language arts programs improves comprehension of both print and nonprint materials.
- Developing macro skills enhances communicative competence, which involves using vocabulary, grammar, and literature appropriately.
- Communicative competence involves a synthesis of knowledge and skill needed for communication.
- There are three types of knowledge: knowledge of underlying grammatical principles, knowledge of language use in social context, and knowledge of combining utterances and communicative functions.
First Language (L1) and Second Language (L2) Acquisition
- L1 is attained with 100% proficiency naturally, while L2 proficiency can be achieved but not as efficiently or fully as L1.
- L1 does not require formal instruction, whereas L2 requires continuous guidance and instruction.
- L1 begins with telegraphic speech around 18-24 months, while L2 starts with full sentences, typically learned after proficiency in L1.
- L1 is an integral part of everyday life, while L2 is a new aspect of life if chosen by the individual.
- L1 is acquired subconsciously without conscious effort, while L2 requires constant conscious effort to internalize language structures.
Factors that Highlight the Differences between L1 and L2
- Age: Children around 6 years old are most adept at learning a second language, while adults may find it more challenging.
- Personality: A child's personality does not significantly affect the acquisition of the first language, but it can impact the learning process of a second language.
- Culture: The first language is closely tied to a person's culture and identity.
Native Language and Foreign Language
- Native language is the language spoken by a person since childhood within their community or region.
- Native language is intimately tied to cultural heritage and social identity, influencing communication patterns.
- Foreign language is learned by individuals for communication with speakers of that language or for academic/professional purposes.
Common Language and Multilingualism
- A common language, or lingua franca, serves as a medium of communication between speakers of different native languages.
- Multilingualism refers to the ability of individuals or communities to speak or understand more than one language fluently.
- Multilingual individuals acquire proficiency in multiple languages through formal education, exposure to diverse linguistic environments, migration, or family background.
Visual, Tactile, and Chemical Communication
- Visual communication involves visible signals such as gestures, facial expressions, and coloration.
- Tactile communication involves touching and physical contact, used for social bonding, grooming, and dominance displays.
- Chemical communication involves the release of pheromones, chemical substances that affect behavior or physiology.
- Types of pheromones include primer pheromones, alarm pheromones, and food trail pheromones.
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Description
Explore the differences between L1 and L2 language proficiency regarding attainment, instruction, starting point, and integration into daily life. Learn about the natural acquisition of L1, while L2 typically requires formal instruction and guidance.
