Language Acquisition Stages
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Questions and Answers

At what age do children typically learn the communication skill of turn-taking?

  • 12 months
  • 3 years
  • 18 months (correct)
  • 24 months

    • Children are able to use the same form of speech for both adults and younger children by the age of 4.

    False

    What is a defining feature of humanity related to language?

  • The ability to sing
  • The understanding of mathematics
  • The capacity to produce and understand a limitless number of sentences (correct)
  • The skill of painting

    • What is the term used to describe the simpler form of language used by children when speaking with younger children?

    <p>motherese</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All children learn to use language with considerable difficulty.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of studies often emphasize the complexity of language learning in children?

    <p>Longitudinal studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By age 5, most communication skills are learned, and language development occurs in a series of _______.

    <p>stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the age with the communication skill the child typically develops:

    <p>12 months = First words 18 months = Turn-taking 4 years = Different speech for audiences 5 years = Most communication skills learned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ stage is the first stage of language acquisition.

    <p>Pre-linguistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of pragmatics in language learning?

    <p>Using language to communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the stages of language acquisition with their descriptions:

    <p>Pre-linguistic stage = Early vocalizations and sounds One-word stage = Using single words to express ideas Development of grammar = Combining words into sentences Meaning and pragmatics = Understanding context and meaning of phrases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most children are fully proficient in communication skills by the age of 3.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research studies groups of children of various ages?

    <p>Cross-sectional studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Language acquisition is a straightforward skill that requires no study.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general outcome for children exposed to language?

    <p>They learn it very quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do children typically have a vocabulary of around 50 words?

    <p>18 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children's vocabulary at 24 months is estimated to be 500 words.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who noted the occurrence of the 'vocabulary explosion'?

    <p>Harley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children often use the word ‘car’ only to describe cars seen from a specific __________.

    <p>location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the category of words to their examples:

    <p>General nominals = Bottle Specific nominals = Fido Action words = Look Context-bound words = Car (used in one location)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category had the highest representation in children's early vocabulary according to Nelson?

    <p>General nominals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vocabulary explosion coincides with the production of two-word sentences.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical vocabulary size of a child at 24 months?

    <p>300 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nelson classified children's one-word vocabularies into __________ categories.

    <p>six</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the categories that children’s vocabularies could be classified into?

    <p>Adjectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of speech do children use when they convey meaning with essential words only?

    <p>Telegraphic speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children in their early stages of language development do not use any grammatical rules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a telegraphic speech sentence?

    <p>Play doll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children often experiment with a variety of ________ as they start to combine words.

    <p>rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Telegraphic speech = Using only essential words to convey meaning Inflection = Modification of a word to express different grammatical categories Action + Object = Basic word-order rule often used by children Grammar = The system and structure of a language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inflections do children typically omit in their early speech?

    <p>Auxiliary verbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most research indicates that children's grammatical rules are inconsistent in their early language development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Owens, what is suggested about children's use of grammatical rules?

    <p>Children may experiment with rules but eventually use word-order rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Brown described early child speech as ________ because it focuses on critical words.

    <p>telegraphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Bee claim about early sentence creation by children?

    <p>They create sentences following rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean length of utterance (MLU) used for?

    <p>To record the average number of words children use in their sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children have a vocabulary of about 300 words by the age of 1.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main characteristics of sentences during Stage 1 grammar?

    <p>They are short and simple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By the age of 6, children have an average vocabulary of _____ words.

    <p>13,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the age with the average vocabulary size at that age:

    <p>Age 2 = 300 words Age 3 = 1,500 words Age 4 = 5,000 words Age 6 = 13,000 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does Stage 1 grammar typically last until?

    <p>30 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Holophrases consist of multi-word sentences.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way the complexity of children's grammar increases as they grow?

    <p>They begin to combine more words into longer sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children start by using _____-word holophrases and then progress to two-word sentences.

    <p>single</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phase follows the usage of two and three-word sentences?

    <p>Stage 1 grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Language Acquisition

    • Language use is a complex skill, allowing for a vast number of sentences. Children learn this skill with ease.
    • Language development occurs in stages: pre-linguistic, one-word, and grammar development.
    • Pre-linguistic Stage: This stage lasts from birth to approximately 12 months. Infants are highly sensitive to sounds, distinguishing between similar sounds from a young age. Crying is the primary form of communication. Later, cooing and babbling emerge, representing the combination of vowels and consonants.
    • One-Word Stage: Typically starting around 12 months, children begin using single words. These words might not perfectly resemble adult words (e.g. approximations). Consistency in word use, even if not adult-like, designates them as words in this stage. Acquisition of new words is initially slow but speeds up around 16-18 months. A substantial increase in vocabulary happens around this time, often from 50 words at 18 months to as high as 300 words at 24 months.
    • Grammar Development: Around 18 months, children begin forming two-word sentences, marking the start of syntax. Complexity quickly increases in subsequent stages, passing through various stages characterized by growing sentence length and grammatical richness. Measuring Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) helps quantify this progress. Children develop vocabulary, with nouns often making up a large portion initially, followed by verbs and other categories.
    • Meaning and Pragmatics: Word learning involves understanding how sounds relate to objects and actions. Concepts and words are learned through exposure and active interactions. Language development includes the use of language for communication with others (pragmatics), for example, understanding complex social cues, or subtle changes in tone and body language.
    • Children use holophrases (using a single word to convey multiple meanings).
    • Children often overregularize grammatical rules in their early sentences (e.g., saying "goed" instead of "went").

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    Description

    Explore the stages of language acquisition, from pre-linguistic to one-word development. This quiz covers how children learn to communicate and the milestones they achieve during the early stages of language growth. Test your knowledge on the intricacies of language development!

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