Podcast
Questions and Answers
Accommodation Theory suggests that native speakers tend to complicate their language when speaking to an L2 learner.
Accommodation Theory suggests that native speakers tend to complicate their language when speaking to an L2 learner.
False
L2 learners require the same variety of the target language regardless of their friends.
L2 learners require the same variety of the target language regardless of their friends.
False
Behaviorist learning theories consider comprehensible input as necessary and sufficient for SLA.
Behaviorist learning theories consider comprehensible input as necessary and sufficient for SLA.
False
Input is considered as 'data' for innate linguistic and/or cognitive processes in social approaches.
Input is considered as 'data' for innate linguistic and/or cognitive processes in social approaches.
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Interaction is not necessary for the development of advanced levels of L2 proficiency.
Interaction is not necessary for the development of advanced levels of L2 proficiency.
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Input and interaction are only considered in linguistic approaches to SLA.
Input and interaction are only considered in linguistic approaches to SLA.
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Intake is the same as input in the IP framework.
Intake is the same as input in the IP framework.
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Social approaches consider input as only necessary for the initial stages of language processing.
Social approaches consider input as only necessary for the initial stages of language processing.
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Native speakers tend to change their pronunciation and grammatical complexity to sound more like L2 learners.
Native speakers tend to change their pronunciation and grammatical complexity to sound more like L2 learners.
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Accommodation Theory is a social approach to SLA.
Accommodation Theory is a social approach to SLA.
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What do native speakers tend to do when speaking to an L2 learner who is not fluent?
What do native speakers tend to do when speaking to an L2 learner who is not fluent?
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Why might an L2 learner require different varieties of the target language?
Why might an L2 learner require different varieties of the target language?
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What role do followers of Krashen's Monitor Model think input plays in SLA?
What role do followers of Krashen's Monitor Model think input plays in SLA?
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In the IP framework, what is the difference between input and intake?
In the IP framework, what is the difference between input and intake?
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What do social approaches consider the role of interaction to be in SLA?
What do social approaches consider the role of interaction to be in SLA?
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How do behaviorist learning theories view input and feedback?
How do behaviorist learning theories view input and feedback?
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What do some researchers in social approaches claim about the role of input in SLA?
What do some researchers in social approaches claim about the role of input in SLA?
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What do some social approaches consider input to be?
What do some social approaches consider input to be?
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Why do native speakers change their pronunciation and grammatical complexity when speaking to L2 learners?
Why do native speakers change their pronunciation and grammatical complexity when speaking to L2 learners?
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How do native speakers accommodate their language when speaking to L2 learners?
How do native speakers accommodate their language when speaking to L2 learners?
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What type of variation in learners' language is of particular interest from a linguistic and psychological perspective?
What type of variation in learners' language is of particular interest from a linguistic and psychological perspective?
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What is the term for the features of situation and interaction that relate to communicative events?
What is the term for the features of situation and interaction that relate to communicative events?
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What is the purpose of Accommodation Theory in the context of microsocial contexts?
What is the purpose of Accommodation Theory in the context of microsocial contexts?
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What type of variation in language is of more interest from a social perspective?
What type of variation in language is of more interest from a social perspective?
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What is the term for the different varieties of language that learners may require in different contexts?
What is the term for the different varieties of language that learners may require in different contexts?
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What is the relationship between variation in language and social context?
What is the relationship between variation in language and social context?
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What is the focus of research on the effect of microsocial contexts?
What is the focus of research on the effect of microsocial contexts?
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What is the significance of understanding microsocial contexts in language development?
What is the significance of understanding microsocial contexts in language development?
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What is the relationship between linguistic and psychological perspectives on language development?
What is the relationship between linguistic and psychological perspectives on language development?
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What is the significance of understanding language variation in different contexts?
What is the significance of understanding language variation in different contexts?
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Study Notes
Language Acquisition
- Universal patterns of development arise independently of language-specific input.
- First language (L1) acquisition occurs effortlessly and instinctively, contrasting with the more complex process of second language (L2) acquisition.
- Understanding L1 and L2 acquisition is essential for determining effective teaching strategies.
Nature of Language
- All natural languages are systematic, symbolic, and social.
- Language consists of patterns and rules, which speakers follow unconsciously to create an infinite array of sentences.
- Language knowledge includes lexicon, phonology, morphology, syntax, and discourse, functioning simultaneously.
Error Analysis in Second Language Acquisition
- Corder distinguishes between systematic errors (knowledge gaps) and mistakes (performance lapses).
- Errors are classified by language level, linguistic category, or specific elements for thorough analysis.
- Causes of errors include interlingual factors (transfer from L1) and intralingual factors (incomplete understanding of L2 rules).
Brain and Language
- The brain's left hemisphere is primarily responsible for processing complex language elements, a phenomenon known as lateralization.
- The Critical Period Hypothesis posits that there is a limited time frame for perfect L1 acquisition, influenced by childhood brain plasticity.
- Multilingual individuals may represent different languages in various brain locations or networks.
Multilingualism and Monolingualism
- Multilingualism allows for usage of two or more languages; monolingualism restricts to one language.
- Motivation for learning an L2 can stem from many factors such as immigration, cultural interest, or educational goals.
Krashen’s Monitor Model
- The Monitor Model consists of five hypotheses emphasizing the distinction between subconscious acquisition and conscious learning.
- The Input Hypothesis states that language acquisition occurs through comprehensible input; the Affective Filter Hypothesis addresses emotional factors impacting processing.
- Challenges to the Monitor Model involve the definition of comprehensible input and vagueness in learning/acquisition concepts.
Cognitive Processes in Second Language Acquisition
- Second language development involves distinct cognitive processes compared to first language acquisition.
- Factors influencing L2 success include age, learning strategies, training methods, and individual cognitive abilities:
- Phonemic coding, inductive language-learning ability, grammatical sensitivity, and associative memory capacity are key cognitive traits.
Psychology of Second Language Acquisition
- Key terms in SLA include lateralization, critical period hypothesis, and information processing.
- Broca's area and Wernicke's area are critical for language functions, predominantly located in the left hemisphere.
- Recent research indicates a broader range of brain areas involved in language processing than previously recognized.
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Description
Explore the fascinating process of learning a first and second language. Discover how we effortlessly acquire our native language and the complexities of acquiring a second language. Identify the different frameworks of second language acquisition.
