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Humans are genetically programmed to use language through an innate device called the ______

The theory that humans are born with an innate capacity for language acquisition is known as ______

The fundamental set of principles that structures language in general is known as ______

According to the critical period hypothesis, the innate capacity for language acquisition needs to be activated until ______ in order to master the L1 well

Younger learners may have an advantage in learning new sounds and achieving better pronunciation due to their still-developing ______

A weakness of the Language Acquisition Device theory is that it does not fully account for the influence of ______ factors on language acquisition

Older learners may advance faster in areas such as ______ because of their greater competences in abstract thinking and metalinguistic awareness

According to constructivism, humans perceive and interpret the world in very ______ ways

Humans construct their own ______

Learning means adapting actions, concepts, and language in order to make them ______

Teachers cannot teach anybody anything in the sense of handing down ______ but can rather offer

Too much complexity and uncertainty may cause ______ rather than personal interest and effort

The teacher provides a rich ______ environment, arrangement and authentic material

The role of the L1 is ______ but only if it has the potential to elicit meaningful interaction

The learner is understood as a ______, autonomous system

The weakness of this approach is the ______ of structure

According to the Input Hypothesis, the only thing that matters for successful learning is ______ input.

The ideal input for language learning is i+1, which means input that is slightly beyond students' current level of ______.

The affective filter refers to the emotional ______ that can affect language acquisition.

If learners are anxious, stressed, or unmotivated, their affective filter may be ______.

According to the Output Hypothesis, ______ is needed for hypothesis testing.

Corrective ______ is important for language improvement according to the Output Hypothesis.

According to the Interaction Hypothesis, children are born with a ______ for language, but this capacity must be activated and developed through social interaction.

Joint attention, turn-taking and ______ are important for language learning according to the Interaction Hypothesis.

The Interaction Hypothesis states that opportunities for ______ via face-to-face interaction are important for language learning.

A weakness of the Interaction Hypothesis is that it does not fully account for the role of ______ differences in language acquisition.

Overgeneralisation refers to the phenomenon that language learners who have applied a certain grammar rule 'overuse' it by applying it to all contexts even when there are ______ from that rule.

Overgeneralisation is a phenomenon where language learners apply a certain grammar rule to all contexts, including those with ______ from that rule.

Assumptions of Foreign Language Learning include that learners have to be ______ ready to notice and process new linguistic structures of the foreign language

The learner moves along a continuum in a continual process of hypothesis formation and hypothesis testing while acquiring new elements of the target language and integrating them into the developing ______

The development of a learner’s ______ has been seen to follow a predictable path, whose stages cannot be skipped

Teachers should make adequate choices of methods based on the ______ in your class

Teachers should adapt syllabi in a way that is ______ to language learning

Teachers should understand the role of ______ (what should the consequences be?)